Sugar on a Stick/Linux: Difference between revisions

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</noinclude>

== Introduction ==

This page provides additional detail for ~~installing~~ '''[[Sugar on a Stick/~~Mango Lassi~~|~~Mango Lassi~~]]''', the most stable, released version of Sugar on a Stick (SoaS), available at [http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/#downloads this download site], onto a USB/SD flash storage device using GNU/Linux.

This page provides additional detail for loading '''[[Sugar on a Stick/Pineapple|Pineapple]]''', the most stable, released version of Sugar on a Stick (SoaS), available at [http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/#downloads this download site], onto a USB/SD flash storage device using GNU/Linux.

: To explore a variety of '''experimental''' options for putting a [[What is Sugar?|Sugar]] image on a USB or SD flash drive under GNU/Linux, see the following pages:

Line 12:

* See this reference for more background details: [[fedora:How to create and use Live USB#Graphical Method - Windows or Fedora]]

== ~~Put~~ SoaS onto a stick using Fedora or Ubuntu ==

== Load SoaS onto a stick using Fedora or Ubuntu ==

This is known to work in Fedora and Ubuntu.

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:*''[[wikipedia:dm-crypt|cryptsetup]]'' is only needed for the option to provide password protection and encryption for the persistent /home/liveuser folder. It is not necessary if one applies the recommended {{Code|--unencrypted-home}} option. The {{Code|--unencrypted-home}} option is preferred because the reduced overhead improves robustness with the compressed ''[[wikipedia:SquashFS|SquashFS]]'' file system employed by the Live USB deployment.

* Plug in a 2 GB or larger USB stick into your computer.

* ~~Download the installation script: http://bit.ly/livecd-iso-to-disk. (You will execute this script several steps below.) Execute {{Code|tools_livecd-iso-to-disk --help}} for usage details.~~

* Mount the 'SoaS.iso' image to reach the onboard livecd-iso-to-disk installation script:

** Alternatively, with 3 available loop devices, loop mount the 'SoaS.iso' image to reach the onboard livecd-iso-to-disk script:

: {{Code|sudo mkdir /mnt/soas/}}

**: {{Code|mkdir /mnt/soas/}}

: {{Code|sudo mount /path/to/Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-SoaS.iso /mnt/soas/}}

**: {{Code|mount /path/to/Fedora-13-~~i686~~-Live-SoaS.iso /mnt/soas/}}

:: (mount: warning: /mnt/soas/ seems to be mounted read-only.)

**:: (mount: warning: /mnt/soas/ seems to be mounted read-only.)

* Change the working directory to the LiveOS folder on the SoaS.iso mount:

**: ~~{{Code|mkdir /mnt/squash/}}~~

: {{Code|cd /mnt/soas/LiveOS}}

**: {{Code|~~mount~~ /mnt/soas/LiveOS~~/squashfs.img /mnt/squash/~~}}

* Execute {{Code|./livecd-iso-to-disk --help}} for usage details. (The file is already executable.)

**: {{Code|~~mkdir /mnt/ext3fs/}}~~

**: {{Code|mount /mnt/squash/LiveOS/ext3fs.~~img /mnt/ext3fs/}}~~

**:: Later below, substitute {{Code|/mnt/ext3fs/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk}} for ~~the shell script name~~ (~~the~~ file is already executable).

* Check the USB device node name on your system. In the example below, the <abbr title="small computer system interface">'''s'''csi</abbr> '''d'''evice is /dev/~~sdb~~ and filesystem partition on that device is /dev/~~sdb1~~:

* Check the USB device node name on your system. In the example below, the <abbr title="small computer system interface">'''s'''csi</abbr> '''d'''evice is /dev/sdc and filesystem partition on that device is /dev/sdc1:

~~: {{Code|df -Th}}~~

<pre>

$ df -Th

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/~~sda1~~ ext4 ~~18G~~ 5.6G ~~12G 33~~% /

rootfs rootfs 20G 12G 7.5G 61% /

tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G ~~536K~~ 1.6G 1% /dev/~~shm~~

udev devtmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /dev

/dev/~~sdb1~~ ~~vfat~~ ~~996M~~ 0 ~~996M~~ 0% /media/~~MyUSBdiscMountpoint~~

tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 904K 1.6G 1% /dev/shm

tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 788K 1.6G 1% /run

/dev/sda2 ext4 20G 12G 7.5G 61% /

tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /media

/dev/sda2 ext4 20G 12G 7.5G 61% /tmp

/dev/sda2 ext4 20G 12G 7.5G 61% /var/tmp

/dev/sda2 ext4 20G 12G 7.5G 61% /home

/dev/loop0 iso9660 443M 443M 0 100% /mnt/soas

/dev/sdc1 vfat 3.8G 4.0K 3.8G 1% /media/MyUSBdiscMountPoint

</pre>

* Unmount the drive,

: {{Code|sudo umount /media/~~MyUSBdiscMountpoint~~}}

: {{Code|sudo umount /media/MyUSBdiscMountPoint}}

* Then check to see that the partition is marked as bootable,

: {{Code|sudo fdisk '''-l'''}} ''<----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the '''l'''ist option.''

: {{Code|sudo fdisk '''-l''' /dev/sdc}} ''<----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the '''l'''ist option.''

You should see output that looks like this:

Disk /dev/~~sdb~~: ~~1047~~ MB, ~~1047265280~~ bytes

<pre>

~~255~~ heads, 63 sectors/track, ~~127~~ cylinders

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc

Units = ~~cylinders~~ of ~~16065~~ * 512 = ~~8225280~~ bytes

Disk identifier: ~~0x0008325f~~

Disk /dev/sdc: 4012 MB, 4012900352 bytes

.

124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 7837696 sectors

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

/dev/~~sdb1~~ * ~~1 127~~ ~~1020096~~ 6 ~~FAT16~~

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0000a9c7

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 * 62 7834071 3917005 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

</pre>

The '*' under the Boot column is what you want to see.

: If not, then

{{Show|    If not, then|

:* For Ubuntu 8.10, menu: System -> Administration -> Partition Editor (GParted).

::# Select your USB device (/dev/sd''b'' for the rest of these instructions),

Line 68:

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:* For Fedora,

::# {{Code|parted /dev/sd''b''}}

::# {{Code|parted /dev/sd''c''}}

::# {{Code|toggle 1 boot}}

::# {{Code|quit}}

}}

* ~~(You may need to change the file mode to make the script executable.)~~

* Run {{Code|livecd-iso-to-disk}} as the root user, making sure to pass the correct USB device node name and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the target USB device storage capacity.

: {{Code|~~chmod +x tools_livecd~~-iso-to-disk~~.sh~~}}

: {{Code|sudo ./livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''900''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /path/to/SoaS.iso /dev/sd'''c'''1}}

* Run it as root, making sure to pass the correct USB device and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the ~~stick size~~.

:: (In the above example, the /path/to/SoaS.iso may be substituted with /dev/loop0, as this is the loop device that the mount command chose.)

*: {{Code|sudo ./~~tools_livecd~~-iso-to-disk~~.sh~~ --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 900 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /path/to/SoaS.iso /dev/sd''b1''}}

:: {{Highlight|'''Note''': Additional USB or SD devices may be loaded from a running ''Sugar on a Stick'' image that was loaded with the livecd-iso-to-disk script downloaded after 15 February 2011 (but not those installed by other methods) by running this command from a root user Terminal window:}}

** {{Highlight|'''Note''': ~~Subsequent~~ USB or SD devices may be ~~installed~~ from a running ''Sugar on a Stick'' image that was ~~installed~~ with the livecd-iso-to-disk script downloaded after 15 February 2011 (but not those installed by other methods) by running this command from a root user Terminal window:}}

:: {{Code|/mnt/live/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''900''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/sr0 /dev/sd'''?'''1}}

**: {{Code|/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 900 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/sr0 /dev/sd?1}}

: The ''livecd-iso-to-disk'' installation method has other advantages over the ''liveusb-creator'' method by allowing the creation of a separate, persistent /home/liveuser folder with the <tt>--home-size-mb ''NNN''</tt> option. This feature avoids consumption of the write-once persistent overlay for Activity storage (see [[LiveOS image]]) and allows one to update the OS image while keeping the user files (by running the script against your existing installation but leaving out the --home-size-mb NNN option).

::* The {{Code|--delete-home}} option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with {{Code|--home-size-mb}}) and a persistent home (indirectly with {{Code|--unencrypted-home}}). You wouldn't use the --delete-home option on an upgrade of the operation system only.

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 </noinclude>
 == Introduction ==
-This page provides additional detail for installing '''[[Sugar on a Stick/Mango Lassi|Mango Lassi]]''', the most stable, released version of Sugar on a Stick (SoaS), available at [http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/#downloads this download site], onto a USB/SD flash storage device using GNU/Linux.
+This page provides additional detail for loading '''[[Sugar on a Stick/Pineapple|Pineapple]]''', the most stable, released version of Sugar on a Stick (SoaS), available at [http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/#downloads this download site], onto a USB/SD flash storage device using GNU/Linux.
 : To explore a variety of '''experimental''' options for putting a [[What is Sugar?|Sugar]] image on a USB or SD flash drive under GNU/Linux, see the following pages:
@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 * See this reference for more background details: [[fedora:How to create and use Live USB#Graphical Method - Windows or Fedora]]
-== Put SoaS onto a stick using Fedora or Ubuntu ==
+== Load SoaS onto a stick using Fedora or Ubuntu ==
 This is known to work in Fedora and Ubuntu.
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 :*''[[wikipedia:dm-crypt|cryptsetup]]'' is only needed for the option to provide password protection and encryption for the persistent /home/liveuser folder. It is not necessary if one applies the  recommended {{Code|--unencrypted-home}} option. The {{Code|--unencrypted-home}} option is preferred because the reduced overhead improves robustness with the compressed ''[[wikipedia:SquashFS|SquashFS]]'' file system employed by the Live USB deployment.
 * Plug in a 2 GB or larger USB stick into your computer.
-* Download the installation script: http://bit.ly/livecd-iso-to-disk.<br>(You will execute this script several steps below.)<br>Execute {{Code|tools_livecd-iso-to-disk --help}} for usage details.
+* Mount the 'SoaS.iso' image to reach the onboard livecd-iso-to-disk installation script:
-** Alternatively, with 3 available loop devices, loop mount the 'SoaS.iso' image to reach the onboard livecd-iso-to-disk script:
+: {{Code|sudo mkdir /mnt/soas/}}
-**: {{Code|mkdir /mnt/soas/}}
+: {{Code|sudo mount /path/to/Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-SoaS.iso /mnt/soas/}}
-**: {{Code|mount /path/to/Fedora-13-i686-Live-SoaS.iso /mnt/soas/}}
+:: (mount: warning: /mnt/soas/ seems to be mounted read-only.)
-**:: (mount: warning: /mnt/soas/ seems to be mounted read-only.)
+* Change the working directory to the LiveOS folder on the SoaS.iso mount:
-**: {{Code|mkdir /mnt/squash/}}
+: {{Code|cd /mnt/soas/LiveOS}}
-**: {{Code|mount /mnt/soas/LiveOS/squashfs.img /mnt/squash/}}
+* Execute {{Code|./livecd-iso-to-disk --help}} for usage details. (The file is already executable.)
-**: {{Code|mkdir /mnt/ext3fs/}}
-**: {{Code|mount /mnt/squash/LiveOS/ext3fs.img /mnt/ext3fs/}}
-**:: Later below, substitute {{Code|/mnt/ext3fs/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk}} for the shell script name (the file is already executable).
-* Check the USB device node name on your system. In the example below, the <abbr title="small computer system interface">'''s'''csi</abbr> '''d'''evice is /dev/sdb and filesystem partition on that device is /dev/sdb1:
+* Check the USB device node name on your system. In the example below, the <abbr title="small computer system interface">'''s'''csi</abbr> '''d'''evice is /dev/sdc and filesystem partition on that device is /dev/sdc1:
-: {{Code|df -Th}}
 <pre>
 $ df -Th
 Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
-/dev/sda1     ext4     18G  5.6G   12G  33% /
+rootfs      rootfs     20G   12G  7.5G  61% /
-tmpfs        tmpfs    1.6G  536K  1.6G   1% /dev/shm
+udev      devtmpfs    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /dev
-/dev/sdb1     vfat    996M     0  996M   0% /media/MyUSBdiscMountpoint
+tmpfs        tmpfs    1.6G  904K  1.6G   1% /dev/shm
+tmpfs        tmpfs    1.6G  788K  1.6G   1% /run
+/dev/sda2     ext4     20G   12G  7.5G  61% /
+tmpfs        tmpfs    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
+tmpfs        tmpfs    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /media
+/dev/sda2     ext4     20G   12G  7.5G  61% /tmp
+/dev/sda2     ext4     20G   12G  7.5G  61% /var/tmp
+/dev/sda2     ext4     20G   12G  7.5G  61% /home
+/dev/loop0 iso9660    443M  443M     0 100% /mnt/soas
+/dev/sdc1     vfat    3.8G  4.0K  3.8G   1% /media/MyUSBdiscMountPoint
 </pre>
 * Unmount the drive,<br>
-: {{Code|sudo umount /media/MyUSBdiscMountpoint}}
+: {{Code|sudo umount /media/MyUSBdiscMountPoint}}
 * Then check to see that the partition is marked as bootable,<br>
-: {{Code|sudo fdisk '''-l'''}} ''<----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the '''l'''ist option.''
+: {{Code|sudo fdisk '''-l''' /dev/sdc}} ''<----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the '''l'''ist option.''
 You should see output that looks like this:
- Disk /dev/sdb: 1047 MB, 1047265280 bytes
+<pre>
-heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders
+$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x0008325f
+Disk /dev/sdc: 4012 MB, 4012900352 bytes
- .
+heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 7837696 sectors
-  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
+Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
- /dev/sdb1   *           1         127     1020096    6  FAT16
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
+I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
+Disk identifier: 0x0000a9c7
+   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
+/dev/sdc1   *          62     7834071     3917005    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
+</pre>
 The '*' under the Boot column is what you want to see.
-: If not, then
+{{Show|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If not, then|
 :* For Ubuntu 8.10, menu: System -> Administration -> Partition Editor (GParted).
 ::# Select your USB device (/dev/sd''b'' for the rest of these instructions),
@@ Line 68: / Line 79: @@
 :* For Fedora,
-::#  {{Code|parted /dev/sd''b''}}
+::#  {{Code|parted /dev/sd''c''}}
 ::# {{Code|toggle 1 boot}}
 ::# {{Code|quit}}
+}}
-* (You may need to change the file mode to make the script executable.)
+* Run {{Code|livecd-iso-to-disk}} as the root user, making sure to pass the correct USB device node name and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the target USB device storage capacity.
-: {{Code|chmod +x tools_livecd-iso-to-disk.sh}}
+: {{Code|sudo ./livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''900''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /path/to/SoaS.iso /dev/sd'''c'''1}}
-* Run it as root, making sure to pass the correct USB device and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the stick size.
+:: (In the above example, the /path/to/SoaS.iso may be substituted with /dev/loop0, as this is the loop device that the mount command chose.)
-*: {{Code|sudo ./tools_livecd-iso-to-disk.sh --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 900 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /path/to/SoaS.iso /dev/sd''b1''}}
+:: {{Highlight|'''Note''': Additional USB or SD devices may be loaded from a running ''Sugar on a Stick'' image that was loaded with the livecd-iso-to-disk script downloaded after 15 February 2011 (but not those installed by other methods) by running this command from a root user Terminal window:}}
-** {{Highlight|'''Note''': Subsequent USB or SD devices may be installed from a running ''Sugar on a Stick'' image that was installed with the livecd-iso-to-disk script downloaded after 15 February 2011 (but not those installed by other methods) by running this command from a root user Terminal window:}}
+:: {{Code|/mnt/live/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''900''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/sr0 /dev/sd'''?'''1}}
-**: {{Code|/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 900 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/sr0 /dev/sd?1}}
 : The ''livecd-iso-to-disk'' installation method has other advantages over the ''liveusb-creator'' method by allowing the creation of a separate,  persistent /home/liveuser folder with the <tt>--home-size-mb ''NNN''</tt> option. This feature avoids consumption of the write-once persistent overlay for Activity storage (see [[LiveOS image]]) and allows one to update the OS image while keeping the user files (by running the script against your existing installation but <u>leaving out</u> the --home-size-mb NNN option).
 ::* The {{Code|--delete-home}} option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with {{Code|--home-size-mb}}) and a persistent home (indirectly with {{Code|--unencrypted-home}}). You wouldn't use the --delete-home option on an upgrade of the operation system only.