VirtualBox/Preparing a disk image: Difference between revisions

Line 3:

Instructions for preparing a VirtualBox disk image from a SoaS iso image file.

* (Taken from Dave Bauer's posting at http://schools.sugarlabs.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=27.)

* Updated ~~21 May~~ 2010 with [http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox 3.2.0] and 64-bit Fedora.

* Updated 09 June 2010 with [http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox 3.2.4] and 32-bit Fedora.

==Installing SoaS .iso image==

# Create a new VM, choose a name, such as Mirabelle

# Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (64 bit)

# Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (use 64 bit, if available)

# Choose Base Memory Size: 256 MB to match an XO-1, 512 or 1024 MB to match an XO-1.5

# Create a new virtual hard disk image with dynamically expanding storage of 2 GB

Line 17:

# Open Terminal.

# su -

# parted ~~/dev/sda~~

# parted

# mklabel msdos

#: This makes a partition table.

# mkpart primary ext2 0 2048

#: You will receive this message:<br>Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.<br>Ignore/Cancel?

#: Enter (I)gnore

# toggle 1 boot

# quit

Line 26:

Line 28:

# /LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 200 --home-size-mb 200 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/live /dev/sda1<br>(for earlier versions of SoaS

#: Blueberry - use /media/soas-2-blueberry/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk<br>Strawberry - use /mnt/live/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk)

#* the --overlay-size-mb NNN and --home-size-mb NNN options creates space for persistence of changes on the disk; otherwise, a liveOS disk is read-only. See [[LiveOS image]].

<ul>

#: <br>The following optional parameters seem to be incompatible with soas-1-strawberry and soas-2-blueberry released versions. (The script completes successfully, but the virtual machine startup process has trouble finding the home directory and fails to complete.)

{{Show|<Terminal log>

#* the --home-size-mb NNN option creates space for ~~saving~~ the /home/liveuser folder if you want to update the OS image while keeping the user files~~. (In this case~~, skip the new disk creation and parted steps ~~and~~ leave out the --home-size-mb NNN option at this step and continue on.)

|<pre>

#* the --unencrypted-home option prevents password protection and encryption on the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves the overhead on the compressed ~~squashfs~~ and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).

[root@localhost ~]# parted

#* the --delete-home option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with --home-size-mb) and a persistent home (with--unencrypted-home). You wouldn't use this option ~~on an~~ upgrade.

GNU Parted 2.1

# shutdown -h now

Using /dev/sda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) mklabel msdos

(parted) mkpart primary ext2 0 2048

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) toggle 1 boot

(parted) quit

Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs /dev/sda1

mke2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

125184 inodes, 500000 blocks

25000 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=515899392

16 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

7824 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@localhost ~]# /LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 200 --home-size-mb 200 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/live /dev/sda1

Verifying image...

/dev/sr0: 0ce28e3947106fd37bab9317abf09938

Fragment sums: a3c6e5fd5fba11d2b4da71771e8732b63bcb62b841971f7f39ab5c187f64

Fragment count: 20

Checking: 100.0%

The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.

It is OK to use this media.

Copying live image to USB stick

Updating boot config file

Initializing persistent overlay file

0+0 records in

0+0 records out

0 bytes (0 B) copied, 0.000150187 s, 0.0 kB/s

Initializing persistent /home

0+0 records in

0+0 records out

0 bytes (0 B) copied, 0.0039562 s, 0.0 kB/s

Formatting unencrypted /home

mke2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

51200 inodes, 204800 blocks

10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008

25 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

2048 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

tune2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)

Setting maximal mount count to -1

Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds

Installing boot loader

/media/usbdev.XB8shz/syslinux is device /dev/sda1

USB stick set up as live image!

</pre>}}

* the --overlay-size-mb NNN and --home-size-mb NNN options creates space for persistence of changes on the disk; otherwise, a liveOS disk is read-only. See [[LiveOS image]].

: <br>The following optional parameters seem to be incompatible with soas-1-strawberry and soas-2-blueberry released versions. (The script completes successfully, but the virtual machine startup process has trouble finding the home directory and fails to complete.)

* the --home-size-mb NNN option creates space for file storage in the /home/liveuser folder. (In the case where you you want to update the LiveOS image while keeping the user files, skip the new disk creation and parted steps, leave out the --home-size-mb NNN option at this step, and continue on.)

* the --unencrypted-home option prevents password protection and encryption on the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves the overhead on the compressed [[wikipedia:SquashFS|SquashFS]], and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).

* the --delete-home option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with --home-size-mb) and a persistent home (with --unencrypted-home). (You wouldn't use this option for the LiveOS upgrade case.)

</ul>

<li> shutdown -h now</li>

</ol>

==Installing VirtualBox Guest Additions==

# Unmount ~~CDROM~~ in VirtualBox settings

# Unmount CD/DVD in VirtualBox settings, select 'Empty' for the CD/DVD device under 'Attributes'

# ~~Mount VBoxGuestAdditions.iso in its place.~~

# Start the virtual machine

~~# Boot VM~~

# Open Terminal

# su -

Line 41:

Line 132:

#: (Other dependencies will be called into the installation.)

<~~div class="NavFrame collapsed">~~

{{Show|<Terminal log from 09 June 2010>

~~<div class="NavHead">~~

|<pre>

~~<yum.~~log from ~~21 May~~ 2010~~:> </div>~~

[root@localhost ~]# yum install dkms gcc

~~<div class="NavContent"~~>

<pre>

[root@localhost ~]# yum install dkms gcc ~~make~~

Loaded plugins: presto, refresh-packagekit

fedora/metalink | 13 kB 00:00

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 Instructions for preparing a VirtualBox disk image from a SoaS iso image file.
 * (Taken from Dave Bauer's posting at http://schools.sugarlabs.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=27.)
-* Updated 21 May 2010 with [http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox 3.2.0] and 64-bit Fedora.
+* Updated 09 June 2010 with [http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox 3.2.4] and 32-bit Fedora.
 ==Installing SoaS .iso image==
 # Create a new VM, choose a name, such as Mirabelle
-# Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (64 bit)
+# Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (use 64 bit, if available)
 # Choose Base Memory Size: 256 MB to match an XO-1, 512 or 1024 MB to match an XO-1.5
 # Create a new virtual hard disk image with dynamically expanding storage of 2 GB
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 # Open Terminal.
 # su -
-# parted /dev/sda
+# parted
 # mklabel msdos
 #: This makes a partition table.
 # mkpart primary ext2 0 2048
+#: You will receive this message:<br>Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.<br>Ignore/Cancel?
+#: Enter (I)gnore
 # toggle 1 boot
 # quit
@@ Line 26: / Line 28: @@
 # /LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 200 --home-size-mb 200 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/live /dev/sda1<br>(for earlier versions of SoaS
 #: Blueberry - use /media/soas-2-blueberry/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk<br>Strawberry - use /mnt/live/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk)
-#* the --overlay-size-mb NNN and --home-size-mb NNN options creates space for persistence of changes on the disk; otherwise, a liveOS disk is read-only. See [[LiveOS image]].
+<ul>
-#: <br>The following optional parameters seem to be incompatible with soas-1-strawberry and soas-2-blueberry released versions.  (The script completes successfully, but the virtual machine startup process has trouble finding the home directory and fails to complete.)
+{{Show|<Terminal log>
-#* the --home-size-mb NNN option creates space for saving the /home/liveuser folder if you want to update the OS image while keeping the user files.  (In this case, skip the new disk creation and parted steps and leave out the --home-size-mb NNN option at this step and continue on.)
+|<pre>
-#* the --unencrypted-home option prevents password protection and encryption on the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves the overhead on the compressed squashfs and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).
+[root@localhost ~]# parted
-#* the --delete-home option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with --home-size-mb) and a persistent home (with--unencrypted-home).  You wouldn't use this option on an upgrade.
+GNU Parted 2.1
-# shutdown -h now
+Using /dev/sda
+Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
+(parted) mklabel msdos
+(parted) mkpart primary ext2 0 2048
+Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
+Ignore/Cancel? I
+(parted) toggle 1 boot
+(parted) quit
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs /dev/sda1
+mke2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)
+Filesystem label=
+OS type: Linux
+Block size=4096 (log=2)
+Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
+Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
+inodes, 500000 blocks
+blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
+First data block=0
+Maximum filesystem blocks=515899392
+block groups
+blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
+inodes per group
+Superblock backups stored on blocks:
+, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
+Writing inode tables: done
+Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
+This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or
+days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
+[root@localhost ~]# /LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 200 --home-size-mb 200 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /dev/live /dev/sda1
+Verifying image...
+/dev/sr0:   0ce28e3947106fd37bab9317abf09938
+Fragment sums: a3c6e5fd5fba11d2b4da71771e8732b63bcb62b841971f7f39ab5c187f64
+Fragment count: 20
+Checking: 100.0%
+The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.
+It is OK to use this media.
+Copying live image to USB stick
+Updating boot config file
+Initializing persistent overlay file
++0 records in
++0 records out
+bytes (0 B) copied, 0.000150187 s, 0.0 kB/s
+Initializing persistent /home
++0 records in
++0 records out
+bytes (0 B) copied, 0.0039562 s, 0.0 kB/s
+Formatting unencrypted /home
+mke2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)
+Filesystem label=
+OS type: Linux
+Block size=1024 (log=0)
+Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
+Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
+inodes, 204800 blocks
+blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
+First data block=1
+Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
+block groups
+blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
+inodes per group
+Superblock backups stored on blocks:
+, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
+Writing inode tables: done
+Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
+Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
+This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or
+days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
+tune2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)
+Setting maximal mount count to -1
+Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
+Installing boot loader
+/media/usbdev.XB8shz/syslinux is device /dev/sda1
+USB stick set up as live image!
+</pre>}}
+* the --overlay-size-mb NNN and --home-size-mb NNN options creates space for persistence of changes on the disk; otherwise, a liveOS disk is read-only. See [[LiveOS image]].
+: <br>The following optional parameters seem to be incompatible with soas-1-strawberry and soas-2-blueberry released versions.  (The script completes successfully, but the virtual machine startup process has trouble finding the home directory and fails to complete.)
+* the --home-size-mb NNN option creates space for file storage in the /home/liveuser folder.  (In the case where you you want to update the LiveOS image while keeping the user files, skip the new disk creation and parted steps, leave out the --home-size-mb NNN option at this step, and continue on.)
+* the --unencrypted-home option prevents password protection and encryption on the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves the overhead on the compressed [[wikipedia:SquashFS|SquashFS]], and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).
+* the --delete-home option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with --home-size-mb) and a persistent home (with --unencrypted-home).  (You wouldn't use this option for the LiveOS upgrade case.)
+</ul>
+<ol start=20>
+<li> shutdown -h now</li>
+</ol>
 ==Installing VirtualBox Guest Additions==
-# Unmount CDROM in VirtualBox settings
+# Unmount CD/DVD in VirtualBox settings, select 'Empty' for the CD/DVD device under 'Attributes'
-# Mount VBoxGuestAdditions.iso in its place.
+# Start the virtual machine
-# Boot VM
 # Open Terminal
 # su -
@@ Line 41: / Line 132: @@
 #: (Other dependencies will be called into the installation.)
-<div class="NavFrame collapsed">
+{{Show|<Terminal log from 09 June 2010>
-<div class="NavHead">
+|<pre>
-<yum.log from 21 May 2010:> </div>
+[root@localhost ~]# yum install dkms gcc
-<div class="NavContent">
-<pre>
-[root@localhost ~]# yum install dkms gcc make
 Loaded plugins: presto, refresh-packagekit
 fedora/metalink                                                           |  13 kB     00:00