Raspberry Pi are a series of small, low cost, low power computers.
Sugar can be run on a Raspberry Pi. You will need a display, keyboard and mouse.
See Sugar on a Stick/Raspberry Pi for how to download and install it. Sugar on a Stick is a spin of Fedora.
Developers may focus on Fedora or Debian when setting up a development environment for Sugar on Raspberry Pi, because Sugar development on generic computers is focused on those operating systems.