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Sugar on a Stick/Linux/Installation: Difference between revisions

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update for lack of embedded livecd-iso-to-disk script.
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This page is transcluded to various installation instruction pages.</noinclude>
This page is transcluded to various installation instruction pages.</noinclude>
<ol start="0">
<ol start="0">
<li> '''Download''' the latest [[Sugar on a Stick/Downloads | Sugar on a Stick]] .iso file.<br></li>
<li> '''Download''' the latest [[Sugar on a Stick/Downloads | Sugar on a Stick]] .iso file.<br><br></li>
{{Note/important|Important change in Fedora 24 SoaS|The ''livecd-iso-to-disk'' installation script is no longer packaged in the SoaS .iso file. With Fedora 24, if you want a Live USB with persistent storage, you must install the ''livecd-tools'' package to obtain the installation script and the SYSLINUX boot loader. Use this command to obtain the installer: {{Code|sudo dnf install livecd-tools}}}}
<li> '''Prepare''': (with [[olpc:Root|'''root''' user]] permissions at a terminal or [[Wikipedia:System_console|console]] command line)
<ul><li> Create a mount point directory: {{Code|mkdir /run/soas}}</li>
<li> Mount the .iso file to make it accessible as a disk: {{Code|mount '''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso /run/soas/}}
: <small>(Where '''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso is the [[Wikipedia:File system|filesystem]] [[Wikipedia:Path_(computing)|path, or fully specified name,]] of the downloaded .iso file.)
: This is the source for the installation, and must remain [[Wikipedia:Mount_(computing)|mounted]] until the installation is complete.</small>
</li>
<li> Insert a USB stick of 2 GB or greater capacity into your computer.</li>
<li> Insert a USB stick of 2 GB or greater capacity into your computer.</li>
<li> With [[olpc:Root|'''root''' user]] permissions at a terminal or [[Wikipedia:System_console|console]] command line, use the command {{Code|df -Th}} or {{Code|blkid}} to get the USB device node name.</li>
<li> With [[olpc:Root|'''root''' user]] permissions at a terminal or [[Wikipedia:System_console|console]] command line, use the command {{Code|sudo df -Th}} or {{Code|sudo blkid}} to get the USB device node name.</li>
:<small>(Items in angle brackets, such as <MyAccount> are descriptive placeholders.)</small>
{{Show|&nbsp;You should see something like the following:
{{Show|&nbsp;You should see something like the following:
|<pre>
|<pre style="white-space: pre;">
[root@MyComputer ~]# df -Th
[<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo df -Th
Filesystem    Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
Filesystem    Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs        rootfs    20G  5.5G  14G  29% /
devtmpfs      devtmpfs   16G     0   16G   0% /dev
devtmpfs      devtmpfs 1.6G     0 1.6G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     16G  33M  16G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.6G  788K  1.6G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     16G 1.8M  16G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.6G 1.3M  1.6G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.6G     0 1.6G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1      ext4      123G  17G  100G  15% /
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /media
tmpfs          tmpfs     16G  80K  16G  1% /tmp
/dev/loop0     iso9660   668M 668M    0 100% /run/soas
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.2G   10M 3.2G  1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdc1     vfat      2.0G 2.0G  53M 98% /run/media/MyAccount/LG
/dev/sdb1     vfat      233G  90G 143G 39% /run/media/<MyAccount>/<filesystem label>
/</pre>
/dev/loop0    iso9660  942M  942M    0 100% /run/soas
: <small>(The {{Code|/run/media/MyAccount/}} path is the new, Fedora 17 standard mount point for removable media.<br>{{Code|/media/MyMountPoint}} is common on other operating systems.)</small>
</pre>
 
: <small>(The {{Code|/run/media/<MyAccount>/}} path is the standard mount point for removable media.<br>{{Code|/media/<MyMountPoint>}} is common on other operating systems.)</small>
<pre>
<pre style="white-space: pre;">
[root@MyComputer ~]# blkid
[<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Fedora-20" UUID="8962913a-c335-4c3b-b3ed-90fbb9c97580" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="1549f232-01"  
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Fedora30" UUID="dddf4ae0-e1fd-43c3-bacc-91acbafb3a34" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="000b2340-03"
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="LIVE" UUID="D2AC-5056" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="000056b3-01"  
/dev/sdb1: LABEL_FATBOOT="Fat" LABEL="Fat" UUID="D082-05E1" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="Fat" PARTUUID="53132329-808c-4a44-adf6-e98ad17546ff"
/dev/loop0: UUID="2013-12-12-01-40-45-00" LABEL="Fedora-Live-SoaS-x86_64-20-1" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="461863db" PTTYPE="dos"  
/dev/loop0: UUID="2019-04-26-02-18-05-00" LABEL="Fedora-SoaS-Live-30-1-2" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="37f2045d" PTTYPE="dos"
</pre>
</pre>
:: <small>(Additional disk drive partitions may be listed on your computer.)</small>
:: <small>(Additional disk drive partitions may be listed on your computer.)</small>
: The mount point (Mounted on), Filesystem, Size, and LABEL should help you identify what you want.}}
: The mount point (Mounted on), Filesystem, Size, and LABEL should help you identify what you want.}}
<li> Unmount the USB device filesystem:<br>{{Code|umount /run/media/MyAccount/MyUSBdiscMountPoint}}
<li> Unmount the USB device filesystem:<br>{{Code|umount /run/media/<MyAccount>/<MyUSBdiscMountPoint>}}
: <small>(The {{Code|/run/media/MyAccount/}} path is the new, Fedora 17 standard mount point. Other operating systems may use {{Code|/media/MyMountPoint}}.)</small></li>
: <small>(The {{Code|/run/media/<MyAccount>/}} path is the standard mount point. Other operating systems may use {{Code|/media/<MyMountPoint>}}.)</small></li>
<li> (You should have the isomd5sum package installed so that the following installation script can verify the download.)<br><br></li>
<li> (You should have the isomd5sum package installed so that the following installation script can verify the download.)<br><br></li></ul>
<li> '''Load''': Execute the following installation command, as the [[olpc:Root|'''root''' user]], in <u>one</u> command line with many options:<br><div style="margin: 1em 0px 1em 1.6em; border: 1px dashed #2F6FAB; padding: 1em; background-color: #FBFBFB; font-family: Courier;">livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''800''' --unencrypted-home '''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso /dev/sd'''?'''1</div>
<li> '''Load''': Execute the following installation command, as the [[olpc:Root|'''root''' user]], in <u>one</u> command line with many options:<br><div style="margin: 1em 0px 1em 1.6em; border: 1px dashed #2F6FAB; padding: 1em; background-color: #FBFBFB; font-family: Courier;">/run/soas/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''500''' --unencrypted-home '''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso /dev/sd'''?'''1</div>
: The '{{Code|'''?'''}}' in the final parameter represents the target USB device '''''s'''csi '''d'''rive'' node, such as {{Code|sd'''b'''1}} or {{Code|sd'''c'''1}}, etc., and {{Code|'''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso}} is the location and name of the .iso file.
: The '{{Code|'''?'''}}' in the final parameter represents the target USB device '''''s'''csi '''d'''rive'' node, such as {{Code|sd'''b'''1}} or {{Code|sd'''c'''1}}, etc., and {{Code|'''/path/to/downloaded'''.iso}} is the location and name of the .iso file.
: The operating system will occupy ~670 MB, and the overlay and home size arguments, '''500''' and '''800''', were selected to fit in a 2 GB device. These may be adjusted depending on your preferences and device capacity (see [[LiveOS image]]). SoaS 10 can be squeezed into a 1 GB device with '''160''' and '''170'''. On a 4 GB device, one might use '''1000''' and '''1600''' for the size arguments.
: The operating system will occupy ~960 MB, and the overlay and home size arguments, '''500''' and '''500''', were selected to fit in a 2 GB device. These may be adjusted depending on your preferences and device capacity (see [[LiveOS image]]). On a 4 GB device, one might use '''1000''' and '''1600''' for the size arguments.
{{Show|&nbsp;The installation transcript should look something like the following:  
{{Show|&nbsp;The installation transcript should look something like the following:  
|<pre>
|<pre style="white-space: pre;">
[root@MyComputer ~]# /run/soas/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --unencrypted-home /home/MyAccount/Downloads/Fedora-Live-SoaS-x86_64-20-1.iso /dev/sdc1
[<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo /run/soas/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 500 --unencrypted-home /<path to>/Fedora-SoaS-Live-x86_64-30-1.2.iso /dev/sdc1
Verifying image...
Verifying image...
/home/MyAccount/Downloads/Fedora-Live-SoaS-x86_64-20-1.iso:  b0a9414ff7eb79b680d5c86440e19587
/<path to>/Fedora-SoaS-Live-x86_64-30-1.2.iso:  bac65eaf45ad370f6e9ddf793f436e33
Fragment sums: 9bfe23577651c88dcfb78c76ac3a28a5c53eead4561e3bdc5921b8b2e748
Fragment sums: 82358a8de12fab19be3e83c22431837827fbe4b8be6d9be46695f853676f
Fragment count: 20
Fragment count: 20
Supported ISO: no
Press [Esc] to abort check.
Press [Esc] to abort check.
Checking: 100.0%
Checking: 100.0%
Line 50: Line 57:


It is OK to use this media.
It is OK to use this media.
Copying live image to target device.
 
Copying LiveOS image to target device...
squashfs.img
squashfs.img
     630,784,000 100%   1.96MB/s    0:05:06 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
     887,312,384 100% 379.28MB/s    0:00:02 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
osmin.img
 
          8,192 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
Syncing filesystem writes to disc.
Updating boot config file
    Please wait, this may take a while...
Initializing persistent overlay file
Setting up /EFI/BOOT
Updating boot config files.
Initializing persistent overlay...
500+0 records in
500+0 records in
500+0 records out
500+0 records out
524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 216.717 s, 2.4 MB/s
524288000 bytes (524 MB, 500 MiB) copied, 0.354372 s, 1.5 GB/s
Initializing persistent /home
Initializing persistent /home
800+0 records in
500+0 records in
800+0 records out
500+0 records out
838860800 bytes (839 MB) copied, 344.643 s, 2.4 MB/s
524288000 bytes (524 MB, 500 MiB) copied, 0.346354 s, 1.5 GB/s
Formatting unencrypted /home
Formatting unencrypted home.img
mke2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
mke2fs 1.44.6 (5-Mar-2019)
Filesystem label=
Creating filesystem with 512000 1k blocks and 128016 inodes
OS type: Linux
Filesystem UUID: b32a4987-627e-4131-a863-7f6c9bcc2178
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
51296 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200
7 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7328 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
32768, 98304, 163840
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409


Allocating group tables: done                             
Allocating group tables: done                             
Writing inode tables: done                             
Writing inode tables: done                             
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done  


tune2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
tune2fs 1.44.6 (5-Mar-2019)
Setting maximal mount count to -1
Setting maximal mount count to -1
Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
Installing boot loader
Installing boot loader...
Target device is now set up with a Live image!
Target device is now set up with a Live image!
</pre>}}<br></li>
</pre>}}<br></li>
<li> '''[[Sugar on a Stick/Boot|Boot]]''': Insert the USB stick into a bootable USB port on your computer. Set the option to "boot from USB" in your computer's <abbr title="Basic Input/Output System">BIOS</abbr> setup, and then start up the computer.<br><br></li></ol>
<li> '''[[Sugar on a Stick/Boot|Boot]]''': Insert the USB stick into a bootable USB port on your computer. Set the option to "boot from USB" in your computer's <abbr title="Basic Input/Output System">BIOS</abbr> setup, and then start up the computer.<br><br></li></ol>


::* To create more Sugar Sticks on other 1 GB or greater USB or SD devices, while running ''Sugar on a Stick'', one must first obtain the ''livecd-tools'' installer as above, then in the [[Activities/Terminal|Terminal Activity]], execute this command as the root user:<br><div style="margin: 1em 0px 1em 0em; border: 1px dashed #2F6FAB; padding: 1em; background-color: #FBFBFB; font-family: Courier;">livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''160''' --home-size-mb '''170''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd'''?'''1</div>
::* To create more Sugar Sticks on other 2 GB or greater USB or SD devices, while running ''Sugar on a Stick'', one may run the [[Activities/Terminal|Terminal Activity]], and execute this command as the root user:<br><div style="margin: 1em 0px 1em 0em; border: 1px dashed #2F6FAB; padding: 1em; background-color: #FBFBFB; font-family: Courier;">livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''500''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd'''?'''1</div>
::: <small>Replace {{Code|/dev/sd'''?'''1}} with a new device node for the second USB/SD device that you want to load with ''Sugar on a Stick''.</small>
::: <small>Replace {{Code|/dev/sd'''?'''1}} with a new device node for the second USB/SD device that you want to load with ''Sugar on a Stick''.</small>
Retrieved from "https://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Sugar_on_a_Stick/Linux/Installation"