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New page: == Introduction == This page is designed to help you to put your Sugar on a Stick image under Linux on a thumbdrive. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on ...
== Introduction ==
This page is designed to help you to put your [[Sugar on a Stick]] image under Linux on a thumbdrive. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on the [[Talk:Sugar on a Stick|SoaS talk]] page. If you can improve these instructions, please edit the page and do so!
== Linux instructions ==
This is known to work in Fedora and Ubuntu 8.10 and should work in other Linux distributions.
* Make sure you have the ''isomd5sum'' and ''cryptsetup'' packages installed in your distribution, as they will be needed by the installation script.
*:(These packages are needed for the verification and persistent home folder options of the installation script; they are not necessary if one applies the <tt>--noverify</tt> and <tt>--unencrypted-home</tt> options, respectively. The verification step checks that the file is complete after its travels, and it will signal a failure warning if there is a problem.) The --unencrypted-home option may be preferred for improved robustness with the compressed file system employed by the LiveUSB deployment.
* Plug in a 1GB or larger USB stick into your computer.
* Download the installation script: http://people.sugarlabs.org/sdz/livecd-iso-to-disk.sh
* Check the USB device. In the example below the device is /dev/sdb:
: <tt>df -h</tt>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19G 7.0G 11G 40% /
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /lib/init/rw
varrun 1.5G 96K 1.5G 1% /var/run
varlock 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /var/lock
udev 1.5G 2.9M 1.5G 1% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 104K 1.5G 1% /dev/shm
lrm 1.5G 2.0M 1.5G 1% /lib/modules/2.6.27-11-generic/volatile
/dev/sdb1 996M 913M 84M 92% /mnt/myUSBdisc
* Then check to see that the partition is marked as bootable,<br>
: <tt>sudo fdisk '''-l'''</tt> ''<----that's a lowercase letter L for the List option.''
You should see output that looks like this:
Disk /dev/sdb: 1047 MB, 1047265280 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0008325f
.
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 127 1020096 6 FAT16
The '*' under the Boot column is what you want to see.
: If not, then
:* For Ubuntu 8.10, menu: System -> Administration -> Partition Editor (GParted).
::# Select your USB device (/dev/sdb in your case),
::# then your partition (/dev/sdb1),
::# then menu: Partition -> Manage Flags,
::# check the boot box,
::# and Close to mark the partition as bootable.
:* For Fedora,
::# <tt>parted /dev/sdb</tt>
::# toggle 1 boot
::# quit
* Also, check to see that you do not already have an existing bootloader (such as GRUB) in the MBR of your stick. If you have not previously used this stick as a live boot, you can skip this step.
:#TODO: instructions.
* Unmount the drive,<br>
: <tt>sudo umount /dev/sdb1</tt>
* Change mode to make the script executable.
: <tt>chmod +x livecd-iso-to-disk.sh</tt>
* Run it as root, making sure to pass the correct USB device and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the stick size.
sudo ./livecd-iso-to-disk.sh --overlay-size-mb 300 --home-size-mb 160 --delete-home --unencrypted-home soas-beta.iso /dev/sdb1
The Linux installation has the advantage of allowing a persistent /home/liveuser folder with the <tt>--home-size-mb ''NNN''</tt> option. This feature would allow you to update the OS image while keeping the user files (by running the script against your existing installation but <u>leaving out</u> the --home-size-mb NNN option).
* The <code>--unencrypted-home</code> option prevents password protection and encryption of the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves overhead on the compressed sqaushfs, and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).
* The <code>--delete-home</code> option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with <code>--home-size-mb</code>) and a persistent home (indirectly with <code>--unencrypted-home</code>). You wouldn't use the --delete-home option on an upgrade of the operation system only.
Depending on the size of your usb stick, you may have to decrease <code>--overlay-size-mb</code> and <code>--home-size-mb</code> values (example, for 1 GB stick, use 200 for each).
=== Alternative instructions ===
UNetbootin (Universal Netboot Installer) is a cross-platform utility that can create Live USB systems.
''Keep in mind that UNetbootin doesn't support persistent overlays, so you won't be able to save files using the Journal.''
:http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/
* Choose the Diskimage ISO option.
* Select the downloaded .iso image file.
* Press OK and wait for your USB stick to be created.
== What's next? ==
After you've created your stick, it's time to [[Sugar_on_a_Stick#Step_3:_Boot|boot your stick]] and test it out.
[[Category:HowTo]]
This page is designed to help you to put your [[Sugar on a Stick]] image under Linux on a thumbdrive. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on the [[Talk:Sugar on a Stick|SoaS talk]] page. If you can improve these instructions, please edit the page and do so!
== Linux instructions ==
This is known to work in Fedora and Ubuntu 8.10 and should work in other Linux distributions.
* Make sure you have the ''isomd5sum'' and ''cryptsetup'' packages installed in your distribution, as they will be needed by the installation script.
*:(These packages are needed for the verification and persistent home folder options of the installation script; they are not necessary if one applies the <tt>--noverify</tt> and <tt>--unencrypted-home</tt> options, respectively. The verification step checks that the file is complete after its travels, and it will signal a failure warning if there is a problem.) The --unencrypted-home option may be preferred for improved robustness with the compressed file system employed by the LiveUSB deployment.
* Plug in a 1GB or larger USB stick into your computer.
* Download the installation script: http://people.sugarlabs.org/sdz/livecd-iso-to-disk.sh
* Check the USB device. In the example below the device is /dev/sdb:
: <tt>df -h</tt>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19G 7.0G 11G 40% /
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /lib/init/rw
varrun 1.5G 96K 1.5G 1% /var/run
varlock 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /var/lock
udev 1.5G 2.9M 1.5G 1% /dev
tmpfs 1.5G 104K 1.5G 1% /dev/shm
lrm 1.5G 2.0M 1.5G 1% /lib/modules/2.6.27-11-generic/volatile
/dev/sdb1 996M 913M 84M 92% /mnt/myUSBdisc
* Then check to see that the partition is marked as bootable,<br>
: <tt>sudo fdisk '''-l'''</tt> ''<----that's a lowercase letter L for the List option.''
You should see output that looks like this:
Disk /dev/sdb: 1047 MB, 1047265280 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0008325f
.
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 127 1020096 6 FAT16
The '*' under the Boot column is what you want to see.
: If not, then
:* For Ubuntu 8.10, menu: System -> Administration -> Partition Editor (GParted).
::# Select your USB device (/dev/sdb in your case),
::# then your partition (/dev/sdb1),
::# then menu: Partition -> Manage Flags,
::# check the boot box,
::# and Close to mark the partition as bootable.
:* For Fedora,
::# <tt>parted /dev/sdb</tt>
::# toggle 1 boot
::# quit
* Also, check to see that you do not already have an existing bootloader (such as GRUB) in the MBR of your stick. If you have not previously used this stick as a live boot, you can skip this step.
:#TODO: instructions.
* Unmount the drive,<br>
: <tt>sudo umount /dev/sdb1</tt>
* Change mode to make the script executable.
: <tt>chmod +x livecd-iso-to-disk.sh</tt>
* Run it as root, making sure to pass the correct USB device and to set overlay and home size appropriately, depending on the stick size.
sudo ./livecd-iso-to-disk.sh --overlay-size-mb 300 --home-size-mb 160 --delete-home --unencrypted-home soas-beta.iso /dev/sdb1
The Linux installation has the advantage of allowing a persistent /home/liveuser folder with the <tt>--home-size-mb ''NNN''</tt> option. This feature would allow you to update the OS image while keeping the user files (by running the script against your existing installation but <u>leaving out</u> the --home-size-mb NNN option).
* The <code>--unencrypted-home</code> option prevents password protection and encryption of the /home/liveuser folder. This releaves overhead on the compressed sqaushfs, and should be more robust to file system failures (outside of security).
* The <code>--delete-home</code> option is used to avoid an error message while requesting both a new home (with <code>--home-size-mb</code>) and a persistent home (indirectly with <code>--unencrypted-home</code>). You wouldn't use the --delete-home option on an upgrade of the operation system only.
Depending on the size of your usb stick, you may have to decrease <code>--overlay-size-mb</code> and <code>--home-size-mb</code> values (example, for 1 GB stick, use 200 for each).
=== Alternative instructions ===
UNetbootin (Universal Netboot Installer) is a cross-platform utility that can create Live USB systems.
''Keep in mind that UNetbootin doesn't support persistent overlays, so you won't be able to save files using the Journal.''
:http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/
* Choose the Diskimage ISO option.
* Select the downloaded .iso image file.
* Press OK and wait for your USB stick to be created.
== What's next? ==
After you've created your stick, it's time to [[Sugar_on_a_Stick#Step_3:_Boot|boot your stick]] and test it out.
[[Category:HowTo]]