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→‎Turing's Research: Computer design
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* created an electromechanical cracker, the Bombe, to determine the settings on German Enigma cipher machines from transmitted messages, allowing all intercepted German message traffic to be read. (This Ultra Secret was the biggest British secret of World War II, bigger than the Double Cross System turning of German agents and the secret of the Normandy landing.)
 
* created an electromechanical cracker, the Bombe, to determine the settings on German Enigma cipher machines from transmitted messages, allowing all intercepted German message traffic to be read. (This Ultra Secret was the biggest British secret of World War II, bigger than the Double Cross System turning of German agents and the secret of the Normandy landing.)
 
* invented the Turing Test for Artificial Intelligence, asking whether an AI could successfully pretend to be a person at the other end of a Teletype connection.
 
* invented the Turing Test for Artificial Intelligence, asking whether an AI could successfully pretend to be a person at the other end of a Teletype connection.
* made important contributions to other branches of mathematics and to mathematical biology.
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* made important contributions to other branches of mathematics, to design of actual computers, and to mathematical biology.
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