Sugar Labs

Sugar on a Stick/Installation

< Sugar on a Stick
Revision as of 11:57, 20 July 2012 by FGrose (talk | contribs)
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File:Download-circle.png|120px rect 58 0 109 55 Microsoft Windows rect 146 28 195 85 GNU/Linux rect 146 128 200 185 OLPC XO rect 58 154 112 200 VirtualBox rect 0 37 50 130 Apple Mac OS X rect 86 32 125 130 Backup and Restore desc none </imagemap>

SoaS installation on USB/SD devices

with Microsoft Windows

Windows.gif There are three ways to do this:

  • 1. Burn a CD-ROM disc, boot from it, then run the script, livecd-iso-to-disk
    1. Use Windows 7 built-in Disk Image Burner or a free utility, like ImgBurn, to write the downloaded Sugar on a Stick .iso file onto a blank CD.
    2. Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card Notes) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
    3. Boot your computer with the CD-ROM disc. You probably need to press F1, F10, F12, Esc, or a similar key as the computer starts up in order to set the boot source for your computer to the CD-ROM device.
    4. A successful boot will take you into Sugar on a Stick. You can From there, open the Terminal Activity, Activity-terminal.png, from the Home list View.
    5. Switch to run commands with 'root' user permissions by entering su - on the command line.
    6. Change the working directory, by entering cd /run/initramfs/live/LiveOS
    7. Verify the USB/SD scsi drive node name (such as sda, sdb, etc.) and partition (such as 1, 2, etc.) for your USB/SD device. It would look like, for example, /dev/sdb1.
      • The df -Th command shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sdb1, mounted on a directory mount point, such as /run/media/liveuser/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
          You should see something like the following: 
          [root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      2.9G  2.1G  773M  74% /
devtmpfs            devtmpfs  2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /dev
tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G   72K  2.0G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G  632K  2.0G   1% /run
tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0            iso9660   670M  670M     0 100% /run/initramfs/live
tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G   32K  2.0G   1% /tmp
varcacheyum         tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /var/cache/yum
vartmp              tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /var/tmp
/dev/sdb1           vfat      3.8G  4.0K  3.8G   1% /run/media/liveuser/SanDisk
  1. Unmount the USB device filesystem with this command: umount /run/media/liveuser/MyUSBdiscMountPoint, where MyUSBdiscMountPoint is SanDisk in the dropdown example, above.
  2. Execute this command line:  (Substitute the /dev/sd?1, below, with the node name you determined in step 7, above.)
    ./livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd?1
    3. (The 500 and 800 size values, above, are suitable for a 2 GB USB device. For a 4 GB device, one might use 1000 and 1600 megabytes instead.)
    The installation transcript should look like the following: 
    [root@localhost LiveOS]# livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sdb1
Verifying image...
/dev/sr0:   b0a9414ff7eb79b680d5c86440e19587
Fragment sums: 9bfe23577651c88dcfb78c76ac3a28a5c53eead4561e3bdc5921b8b2e748
Fragment count: 20
Press [Esc] to abort check.
Checking: 100.0%

The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.

It is OK to use this media.
Copying live image to target device.
squashfs.img
    630,784,000 100%    1.96MB/s    0:05:06 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
osmin.img
          8,192 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
Updating boot config file
Initializing persistent overlay file
500+0 records in
500+0 records out
524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 216.717 s, 2.4 MB/s
Initializing persistent /home
800+0 records in
800+0 records out
838860800 bytes (839 MB) copied, 344.643 s, 2.4 MB/s
Formatting unencrypted /home
mke2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
51296 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200
7 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7328 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

tune2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
Setting maximal mount count to -1
Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
Installing boot loader
Target device is now set up with a Live image!
  3. Shutdown the physical machine.
  4. Reboot your computer from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.


  • 2. Use Fedora Live USB Creator
    (This installation method is NOT recommended for LONG-TERM usage of Sugar on a Stick!! Catastrophic data corruption may occur when the USB stick gets full! See why.)
    1. Download the Live USB Creator from Fedora.
    2. Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card Notes) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
    3. Launch Live USB Creator.
    4. Select Either
    5. 1) the 'Browse' button to 'Use existing Live CD' and find the downloaded .iso file image on your system.
    6. 2) Download Fedora and select Fedora-SoaS-{i386|x86_64}-{22|23} (This automates the download and checksum routine and directly burns to the USB/ SDCard
    7. Adjust the Persistent Storage slider. This enables you to save changes to the system and additional Sugar Activities onto the device. (aka persistence file or Overlay --this space by default is write once only) --see below for additional way to make /home a rw overlay
    8. Select your flash drive as the target, and click the Create Live USB button.
    9. With the latest version of Fedora LiveUSB Creator you have TWO (2) option for burning method
    10. 1) CP (non destructive) -- meaning you can still use the unused space on a larger (8-16-32-64Gb) usb for whatever post burn.
    11. 2) DD ( the old school way) Note: THIS WILL destroy any previous data make sure you properly select the drive to use AND make backups of any pre-existing important data (you will not be easily able to retrieve overwritten data)
    12. Wait for the process to finish, then close the Live USB Creator program.
    13. Stop your flash drive with the Safely Remove Hardware and Eject Media notification area icon dialog, and eject it.
See a screenshot tutorial for this.
See a video of an earlier version of this process.


  • 3. Launch a virtual machine with the Sugar on a Stick .iso file, then run the script, livecd-iso-to-disk
    1. Download and install VirtualBox (for example; you could do something similar with another vm).
    2. Create a new virtual machine.
    3. Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (64 bit) if available, or Fedora, on systems lacking 64-bit functionality.
    4. Attach the Sugar on a Stick .iso file as a CD in the Storage Section
    5. Insert a USB storage device into your physical computer and enable the VirtualBox USB controller. Then add a filter to recognize the inserted device in the USB section of the VirtualBox machine setup.
    6. Start the new virtual machine.
    7. Verify that the USB device is recognized in the running virtual machine.
      • Your device appears in the hover box for the USB stick icon in the virtual machine bottom frame.
      • df -Th shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sda1, mounted on a directory mount point, such as /run/media/<AccountName>/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
        You should see something like the following: 
        [root@localhost LiveOS]# df -Th
Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs              rootfs    4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
devtmpfs            devtmpfs  1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /dev
tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G   84K  1.6G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G  1.2M  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/sr0            iso9660   509M  509M     0 100% /run/initramfs/live
/dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /media
varcacheyum         tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /var/cache/yum
tmp                 tmpfs     1.6G   40K  1.6G   1% /tmp
vartmp              tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /var/tmp
/dev/sda1           vfat      3.7G  2.1G  1.7G  56% /run/media/liveuser/TOSHIBA
  1. Continue from step #4 in the Burn a CD-ROM disc section above.
  2. Shutdown the virtual machine.
  3. Reboot your physical computer from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.

Notes

A Secure Digital (SD) card may not be marked as a bootable device. To check this, use these instructions at a Linux terminal or console:

  • Check the disk partition table for a device, such as /dev/sdc,
sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc   <----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the list option.
    You should see something like the following: 
    $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc

Disk /dev/sdc: 4012 MB, 4012900352 bytes
124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 7837696 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0000a9c7

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1   *          62     7834071     3917005    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)

    The asterisk, * , under the Boot column indicates that the partition is bootable.

        If it is missing, then execute the commands here:
    1. parted /dev/sdc
    2. toggle 1 boot
    3. quit


with Apple Macintosh

Apple.gif

Fedora 15 and Fedora 16

The following work on some Intel MacBooks
Persistent USB for Mac - Testing/Reports/Sugar on a Stick#MacBook Persistent SoaS v5 and SoaS v6 EFI Boot USB
dd writable USB.img - Testing/Reports/Sugar_on_a_Stick#dd_writable_1_GB_EFI_Boot_.28MAC.29_USB_Soas-v6-Pineapple_x86-USB_.img


with GNU/Linux

Gnulinux.png

  1. Download the latest Sugar on a Stick .iso file.

  2. Prepare: (with root user permissions at a terminal or console command line)
    • Create a mount point directory: mkdir /run/soas
    • Mount the .iso file to make it accessible as a disk: mount /path/to/downloaded.iso /run/soas/
      (Where /path/to/downloaded.iso is the filesystem path, or fully specified name, of the downloaded .iso file.)
      This is the source for the installation, and must remain mounted until the installation is complete.
    • Insert a USB stick of 2 GB or greater capacity into your computer.
    • With root user permissions at a terminal or console command line, use the command sudo df -Th or sudo blkid to get the USB device node name.
      • (Items in angle brackets, such as <MyAccount> are descriptive placeholders.)
       You should see something like the following: 
      [<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo df -Th
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs       devtmpfs   16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs      16G   33M   16G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs      16G  1.8M   16G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs      16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1      ext4      123G   17G  100G  15% /
tmpfs          tmpfs      16G   80K   16G   1% /tmp
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.2G   10M  3.2G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdb1      vfat      233G   90G  143G  39% /run/media/<MyAccount>/<filesystem label>
/dev/loop0     iso9660   942M  942M     0 100% /run/soas
      (The /run/media/<MyAccount>/ path is the standard mount point for removable media.
      /media/<MyMountPoint> is common on other operating systems.)
      [<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Fedora30" UUID="dddf4ae0-e1fd-43c3-bacc-91acbafb3a34" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="000b2340-03"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL_FATBOOT="Fat" LABEL="Fat" UUID="D082-05E1" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="Fat" PARTUUID="53132329-808c-4a44-adf6-e98ad17546ff"
/dev/loop0: UUID="2019-04-26-02-18-05-00" LABEL="Fedora-SoaS-Live-30-1-2" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="37f2045d" PTTYPE="dos"
      (Additional disk drive partitions may be listed on your computer.)
      The mount point (Mounted on), Filesystem, Size, and LABEL should help you identify what you want.
    • Unmount the USB device filesystem:
      umount /run/media/<MyAccount>/<MyUSBdiscMountPoint>
      (The /run/media/<MyAccount>/ path is the standard mount point. Other operating systems may use /media/<MyMountPoint>.)
    • (You should have the isomd5sum package installed so that the following installation script can verify the download.)

  3. Load: Execute the following installation command, as the root user, in one command line with many options:
    /run/soas/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 500 --unencrypted-home /path/to/downloaded.iso /dev/sd?1
    The '?' in the final parameter represents the target USB device scsi drive node, such as sdb1 or sdc1, etc., and /path/to/downloaded.iso is the location and name of the .iso file.
    The operating system will occupy ~960 MB, and the overlay and home size arguments, 500 and 500, were selected to fit in a 2 GB device. These may be adjusted depending on your preferences and device capacity (see LiveOS image). On a 4 GB device, one might use 1000 and 1600 for the size arguments.
     The installation transcript should look something like the following: 
    [<user>@<system> <working directory>]$ sudo /run/soas/LiveOS/livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 500 --unencrypted-home /<path to>/Fedora-SoaS-Live-x86_64-30-1.2.iso /dev/sdc1
Verifying image...
/<path to>/Fedora-SoaS-Live-x86_64-30-1.2.iso:   bac65eaf45ad370f6e9ddf793f436e33
Fragment sums: 82358a8de12fab19be3e83c22431837827fbe4b8be6d9be46695f853676f
Fragment count: 20
Supported ISO: no
Press [Esc] to abort check.
Checking: 100.0%

The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.

It is OK to use this media.

Copying LiveOS image to target device...
squashfs.img
    887,312,384 100%  379.28MB/s    0:00:02 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)

Syncing filesystem writes to disc.
    Please wait, this may take a while...
Setting up /EFI/BOOT
Updating boot config files.
Initializing persistent overlay...
500+0 records in
500+0 records out
524288000 bytes (524 MB, 500 MiB) copied, 0.354372 s, 1.5 GB/s
Initializing persistent /home
500+0 records in
500+0 records out
524288000 bytes (524 MB, 500 MiB) copied, 0.346354 s, 1.5 GB/s
Formatting unencrypted home.img
mke2fs 1.44.6 (5-Mar-2019)
Creating filesystem with 512000 1k blocks and 128016 inodes
Filesystem UUID: b32a4987-627e-4131-a863-7f6c9bcc2178
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

tune2fs 1.44.6 (5-Mar-2019)
Setting maximal mount count to -1
Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
Installing boot loader...
Target device is now set up with a Live image!

  4. Boot: Insert the USB stick into a bootable USB port on your computer. Set the option to "boot from USB" in your computer's BIOS setup, and then start up the computer.

  • To create more Sugar Sticks on other 2 GB or greater USB or SD devices, while running Sugar on a Stick, one may run the Terminal Activity, and execute this command as the root user:
    livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 500 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd?1
Replace /dev/sd?1 with a new device node for the second USB/SD device that you want to load with Sugar on a Stick.
(See Sugar on a Stick/Linux for more details.)
Note: The graphical Liveusb-creator is an alternative installation method (see the first Windows method), but it does not create the separate home.img filesystem, and so, the write-once persistent storage on the disk is more quickly consumed (see LiveOS image). If the USB device does not boot after running Liveusb-creator, the command liveusb-creator --reset-mbr may help.


on an OLPC XO

OLPCXO.png

Very slow but works


Hard disk and alternate USB stick installations

with a Netinstall CD

  • Fedora with the Sugar graphical environment
  • Installs to a hard disk or to a 4 GB USB stick (not a LiveOS image like SoaS, but all of Sugar).
This requires a high-speed Internet connection for software component downloading during installation.

with the liveinst command

..from a booted Fedora 16 SoaS Live CD/USB
  • Installs to a hard disk or a 4 GB USB stick. You start with a SoaS LiveOS image, and then load an uncompressed version onto the hard disk or USB stick.
The Fedora-16-Live-SoaS.iso file is a 443 MB download.


SoaS on VirtualBox


Chat room help

  • Sugar chat room in Español (with translations to English)
    Pida ayuda a través de este canal #sugar-es Por favor, sea cortés y hacer sus preguntas.
    Los voluntarios no pueden estar en línea todo el tiempo.
    Sea paciente y permanecer conectado durante varios minutos para ver su respuest.
    (Utilizar la función de meeting para la traducción de estos artículos.)


Backup and Restore

Some backup and restore options for Sugar on a Stick include the following:

  • Backup and Restore - these are Activities that can be used on any Sugar installation to backup or restore the Sugar Journal.


Subpage index

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