Sugar on a Stick/Installation/Variations

This page discusses the experimentation with various installation tools and parameters with the aim of finding more robust methods.

References on How to Create a Live USB from a Live CD

• fedora:How to create and use a Live CD

Sugar Creation Kit DVD

Sugar Creation Kit DVD

Download: [1] Caution 4.2 GB

• Complete DVD containing all the resources required to create all 3 versions of Sugar-on-a-Stick without requiring Internet access

• List of Contents: [2]

• ALSO SEE:http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Sugar_Creation_Kit

Uses:

• "sneakernet" or behind firewall at school.
• should save bandwidth on servers.
• Download 1 time and distribute copies Locally

FEDORA based Live USB devices

Cautions with using Live USB devices

• Wait for delayed writes to the USB device to finish (up to 15 seconds) before pulling it out of the system. If writes do not complete, you will corrupt the USB device file system and it will not boot.
• If you do a yum update on a small USB device, you can overload the persistent overlay. [3]"Fedora 10 adds the 'reset_overlay' option that you can pass on the kernel command line which helps to recover." See LiveOS image, Talk:Downloads, & this page for more discussion of storage economics.
• Use a larger device (4 GB or even 8 GB), if you plan to do updates or install new programs.
• If you use a 1-GB device, do not (i) install large updates or activities or (ii) download large files. The 300-MB overlay will quickly fill up (e.g., within an hour), and your device will become corrupted (i.e., unbootable) without any warning. You may use the Sugar Cellar utility to monitor the usage of the persistent overlay. Also, check your Journal free space frequently.
• Use zyx-liveinstaller Sugar_on_a_Stick/ZyX-LiveInstaller for soas-v2-Blueberry or liveinst command for Fedora based installs in a terminal to make a non-live installation. It will require about 2x as large device as the file structure will not be compressed. These non-live installs are more robust in use but may have a shorter service lifetime (See olpc:How to Damage a FLASH Storage Device.)
• Fedora 13-based SoaS-Mirabelle will install with either liveinst (Anaconda) or zyx-liveinstaller Download Instructions: [4] Hint:you can also use: livecd-iso-to-disk [5] or liveusb-creator [6] [7] to create the device. NOTE:USB used with liveusb-creator needs to be labeled "FEDORA" for liveusb-creator to make a bootable USB
• notes on ext3 / ext4 file systems:[8] (It looks like ext3 formatting may be more robust.)
• Discussion on causes of failure [9] delayed writes [10]
• Types of SD Cards: SD, SDHC, SDXC [11]

dd command from terminal (non-persistent)

You will not be able to store anything on this USB. (It will be new each time you start it.)

[root@localhost Desktop]# dd  if=soas-i386-20100329.19.iso of=/dev/sd(*)
954368+0 records in
954368+0 records out
488636416 bytes (489 MB) copied, 128.247 s, 3.8 MB/s
[root@localhost Desktop]# 

• NOTE Important to get name of USB device correct VERY DANGEROUS IF WRONG
• type "mount" in terminal and look for /dev/sd(*) ie: sda,sdb,sdc.....
• It will disappear the next time you remove the target USB and enter the command again.

liveusb-creator from command line in terminal

(using Fedora 12)

a- Open terminal and type: liveusb-creator --reset-mbr

b- Move slider "Persistent Storage ( )MB" - to set size of USB Persistence file

c- Select correct "Target Device" (the USB you want to use)

d- OPTIONAL: To find your USB enter command "mount" in terminal. look for /dev/sd(x) with description of your USB

e- select the .iso file you plan to use "Use existing Live CD"

f- select "Create Live USB"

livecd-iso-to-disk script

takes a downloaded soas.iso file and writes it directly to a USB stick

1. Download script:[12] to your Desktop
2. Right click on the script file in your file manager, and change the file properties to allow executing the file as a program.
3. Place the source.iso file on your Desktop.
4. Enter command "mount" in a terminal. Look for /dev/sd(x) with a description of your device. Use the correct device node, /dev/sd?, in the script.

Hints:

• Use a text editor to write the command line for the script, and review it for correctness. Then copy-paste it into the terminal. (safer)
• See LiveOS image for ideas on optimizing your storage choices.
• (--overlay-size-mb 800 sets size of persistence file.)

  Delete this option if you want a device with non-persistent storage of changes.

• Use "--overlay-size-mb 300" for 2-GB devices
• Be advised about changing the device file system format in Talk:Downloads.

$ su -c "livecd-iso-to-disk --format --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 800 /home/xxx/Desktop/soas-i386-20100208.16.iso /dev/sdb"

Results in this transcript:

Password: 
Verifying image...
/home/xxx/Desktop/soas-i386-20100208.16.iso:   44687aba6b97248baf4416851a433e75
Fragment sums: dfd2916ccb45fa174cf96685e7fdee526f45ce58ad199d63a57ae8fd6b45
Fragment count: 20
Checking: 100.0%
The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.
It is OK to use this media.
WARNING: THIS WILL DESTROY ANY DATA ON /dev/sdb!!!
Press Enter to continue or ctrl-c to abort
Warning: The kernel was unable to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy).
This means Linux won't know anything about the modifications you made until  you reboot.  You should reboot your computer before doing anything with /dev/sdb.
Waiting for devices to settle...
mkdosfs 3.0.1 (23 Nov 2008)
Copying live image to USB stick
Updating boot config file
Installing boot loader
USB stick set up as live image!
$ 

8 GB USB with 2.4 GB 2nd partition*:fat16 MyFiles with Mirabell-remix CD

• Used to transfer files to and from the journal and PC Desktop

This creates a 8 GB USB which becomes an INSTALLER USB

stable ext4 Non-live File structure

It will use either liveusb-creator from the command line to make non-persistent USB's or script to create persistent ones.

A ONE Stick Installer that contains room for up to to 3 Soas.iso files on its Visible fat16 2.4 GB 2nd Partition

updated 06/18/2010 tg

• Using Mirabelle Remix-pl.iso

http://people.sugarlabs.org/Tgillard/Mirabelle-Remix-pl--LiveCD-README.txt

http://people.sugarlabs.org/Tgillard/Mirabelle-Remix-pl--LiveCD.iso

Make installer USB from running CD

zyx-liveinstaller must be upgraded to work. (bug)

Burn CD from .iso

Boot from CD

Update to 0.88.1 and zyx-liveinstaller to 0.2.4-1.fc13

sugar-terminal
su
yum update sugar*
yum install zyx-liveinstaller 

Alternate

• If using the SugarCreationKit DVD

rpm of zyx-liveinstaller is on DVD

rpm -Uvh zyx­-liveinstaller­0.2.4.­1.noarch.rpm

Download directly

• http://people.sugarlabs.org/Tgillard/zyx-liveinstaller-0.2.4-1.noarch.rpm

Use zyx-liveinstaller to make USB

Partitioner 8GB USB (TOSHIBA_TransMemory)

/dev/sdb1/boot ext4 200
/dex/sdb3/     ext4 5000
/dev/sdb2     fat 16 MyFiles 2.41
no swap

exit partitioner (hit X on top right corner)

right arrow in bottom right of zyx

root choose /dev/sdb2

boot choose /dev/sdb1

no swap

Right arrow

Installation in progress

Installation complete.....

Shut down Booted Soas (CD)

• wait for delayed writes to USB target (2 min)

• Place into PC usb slot
• Drag drop xxx.iso to MyFiles on Desktop
• Drag livecd-iso-to disk script to MyFiles
• remove USB

• OR

wget http://download.sugarlabs.org/soas/releases/livecd-iso-to-disk.sh

USING 8 GB Installer USB

1-) liveusb-creator

• Boot from new USB

Terminal

liveusb-creator
select MyFiles and xxx.iso
insert target USB
set persistence ( slider will not move?)
Create Live USB

• shut down installer USB
• wait for delayed writes to USB target (2 min)
• Boot from new USB

NO Persistence why?

2-) Use livecd-iso-to-disk to write 2 GB USB=

cd /media/Myfiles
cp livecd-iso-to-disk /

[root@localhost /]# ./livecd-iso-to-disk  --format --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 600  /media/Myfiles/Soas-v3-Mirabelle.iso /dev/sdc1
Verifying image...
/media/Myfiles/Soas-v3-Mirabelle.iso:   0ce28e3947106fd37bab9317abf09938
Fragment sums: a3c6e5fd5fba11d2b4da71771e8732b63bcb62b841971f7f39ab5c187f64
Fragment count: 20
Checking: 100.0%
The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.
It is OK to use this media.
WARNING: THIS WILL DESTROY ANY DATA ON /dev/sdc!!!
Press Enter to continue or ctrl-c to abort
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Waiting for devices to settle...
mkdosfs 3.0.9 (31 Jan 2010)
Copying live image to USB stick
Updating boot config file
Initializing persistent overlay file
600+0 records in
600+0 records out
629145600 bytes (629 MB) copied, 102.38 s, 6.1 MB/s
Installing boot loader
USB stick set up as live image!
[root@localhost /]#

Make backup .img file

• insert USB and mount to Desktop
• terminal:

sudo su
cd Desktop
dd if=/dev/sdb* of=xxxxx.img

Restore to new 8 GB USB

• insert USB and mount to Desktop
• terminal:

sudo su
cd Desktop
dd  if=xxxxx.img of=/dev/sdb*

Make a Soas-v2-Blueberry Installer USB (with liveusb-creator installed)

• boot from Blueberry CD[13]
• insert 4GB USB Target formatted fat16 or [ext2,3]

NOTE: zyx-liveinstaller must be installed in f13

• (this step not required for Blueberry)
• In sugar-terminal:

su 
yum install zyx-liveinstaller

THEN:

• in sugar terminal: zyx-liveinstaller

Note 1: the rest of this procedure will not work for a script created live USB [14] as CD and USB's do not show up on sugar frame.

Note 2: from terminal in sugar: yum install gvfs this fixes problem in mounting of CD and USB's in some soas versions. (from tomeu)

IF - USB and CD devices are not mounted in the bottom of the sugar frame when inserted; zyx-liveinstaller must be used

• launch partitioner

/boot  ext4  200
/      ext   balance
make changes

• exit partitioner (hit X in right top corner of window)

select root (/)How to Create 
select boot (/boot)
No swap hit next
install
wait until finished

• exit
• in sugar terminal:

su -
yum install liveusb-creator
22 files will download and install
22MB
wait until finished

• exit sugar (f3) shutdown

---

• boot new USB
• insert second 2 GB USB Target formatted fat16 or [ext2,3]
• Insert CD with desired soas.iso into PC
• in sugar terminal: liveusb-creator --reset-mbr
• graphical Fedora Live USB Creator starts:

Note: Do not use <Download Fedora> as you will fill up your USB Stick and ruin it <Use existing Live CD> <Browse>

(select from CD the .iso file)

Target Device /dev/sd(x)1 note: be sure it is correct for your USB

Set Persistent storage

(Move slider Bar) note: Max is 800 MB for 2GB USB

Press:<Create Live USB>

Verfying ISO MD5 checksum (CD will spin up)
Passed
Extracting Live Image to USB Device
Creating 809 MB persistent overlay
Installing bootloader
Complete (0.03.38)

---

wait until finished

• exit
• exit sugar (f3)/ shutdown

---

• remove 4GB Installer USB
• remove CD from CD Drive
• boot new USB

Note: you can insert another USB, select it and Create another USB. This process can be repeated for multiple "virgin" copies.

I have tested this with soas-2-blueberry.iso, soas-testing-day-13-02-10.iso, and soas-i386-20100216.21.iso files

How to sugarize liveusb-creator to run it from your Soas USB

See this discussion page.

Download a non-live, ext3 File Structured, blueberry USB

A very stable alternate 4GB blueberry stick

use dd command in terminal to write to 4GB USB Download[15]Details and How-To:[16]

Note1: you may get a "not enough room on device" message when you dd this .img to a 4GB USB but but the .img is really only 3GB is size and should work.

Note2: liveusb-creator will NOT work in this USB as this in not a live system.

Note3: This is modified version of bernie's soas-2-blueberry-direct-2GB.img [17]

How to Build a F13 Soas stick that writes live USB's

Link:[18]

Duplicating SoaS with customization

http://lists.sugarlabs.org/archive/soas/2010-April/000998.html

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Sugar_on_a_Stick/Sugar_Clone

Notes:(revised 4/29/2010) after SugarClone Script revision

Adding Script to USB http://people.sugarlabs.org/fgrose/SugarClone

1-) BOOTED live soas USB:

• in sugar root terminal:

su
cd /mnt/live/
wget http://people.sugarlabs.org/fgrose/SugarClone.

OR

2-) Live soas USB inserted and opened on another PC

• download http://people.sugarlabs.org/fgrose/SugarClone to PC
• Right click on Properties/Permission and check allow executing as a Program
• Copy and Paste into opened USB on Desktop. (This is the /mnt/live/ directory on the USB when it is booted and running)

Make Clone Custom USB

• Insert Target USB
• In the Terminal Activity of that running SoaS image, enter the command:

/mnt/live/SugarClone

Script will show you what USB's are present and proceed to write to the one you select.

• SugarClone script will be present on all sticks that are created by the first custom stick with all of the customizations you have done to the master.
• Target USB will prompt for Name and Color on first startup as this information is not preserved.

great way to make a customized spin for special uses

Fedora standard ext4 file system installation

Use liveinst command to write a ext4 "Real File Sytem" to a HD/USB== Link: [19]

See Talk:Sugar on a Stick/Installation/Variations#How_to_install_to_a_4GB_USB_using_liveinst.28ANACONDA.29_from_SoaS

Virtualization

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Supported_systems/Windows#Running_Sugar_in_an_emulator

VMPlayer

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/VMware

Virtualbox

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/VirtualBox

QEMU

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/QEMU