Difference between revisions of "Sugar on a Stick/Windows"

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{{TOCright}}
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<noinclude>
 +
[[Category:HowTo]]
 +
 
  
 
== Introduction ==
 
== Introduction ==
  
This page is designed to help you to put your [[Sugar on a Stick]] image under Windows on a thumbdrive. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on the [[Talk:Sugar on a Stick|SoaS talk]] page. If you can improve these instructions, please edit the page and do so!
+
This page is designed to help you to put your [[Sugar on a Stick]] image on a thumbdrive using Microsoft Windows. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on the [[Talk:Sugar on a Stick|Sugar on a Stick talk]] page. If you can improve these instructions, please edit the page and do so!</noinclude>
 +
=== with Microsoft Windows ===
 +
[[File:Windows.gif|link=Sugar on a Stick/Windows]]
 +
There are three ways to do this:
 +
 
 +
{{Anchor|Burn a CD-ROM}}
 +
* '''1. Burn a CD-ROM disc, boot from it, then run the script, ''livecd-iso-to-disk'''''
 +
*# Use [http://windowsteamblog.com/blogs/windowsexperience/archive/2009/04/13/burn-iso-images-natively-in-windows-7.aspx Windows 7 built-in Disk Image Burner] or a free utility, like [http://www.imgburn.com/ ImgBurn], to write the downloaded Sugar on a Stick .iso file onto a blank CD.
 +
*# Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card<sup> [[#Notes|Notes]]</sup>) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
 +
*# [[Sugar on a Stick/Boot|Boot your computer]] with the CD-ROM disc.  You probably need to press F1, F10, F12, Esc, or a similar key as the computer starts up in order to set the boot source for your computer to the CD-ROM device.
 +
*# A successful boot will take you into ''Sugar on a Stick''.  You can From there, open the Terminal Activity, [[File:Activity-terminal.png|bottom|link=http://en.flossmanuals.net/terminal]], from the <span class=plainlinks>[http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/images/9/9b/Home_ListView_button.png Home list View]</span>.
 +
*# Switch to run commands with 'root' user permissions by entering {{Code|su -}} on the command line.
 +
*# Change the working directory, by entering {{Code|cd /run/initramfs/live/LiveOS}}
 +
*# ''Verify the USB/SD '''s'''csi '''d'''rive node name (such as sda, sdb, etc.) and partition (such as 1, 2, etc.) for your USB/SD device.''  It would look like, for example, {{Code|/dev/sd'''b'''1}}.
 +
*#* The {{Code|df -Th}} command shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sdb1, mounted on a directory [[wikipedia:Mount (computing)|mount point]], such as /run/media/liveuser/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
 +
<ul><ul><ul><ul>
 +
{{Show|You should see something like the following:
 +
|<pre>
 +
[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
 +
Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 +
/dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      2.9G  2.1G  773M  74% /
 +
devtmpfs            devtmpfs  2.0G    0  2.0G  0% /dev
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    2.0G  72K  2.0G  1% /dev/shm
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    2.0G  632K  2.0G  1% /run
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    2.0G    0  2.0G  0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 +
/dev/sr0            iso9660  670M  670M    0 100% /run/initramfs/live
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    2.0G  32K  2.0G  1% /tmp
 +
varcacheyum        tmpfs    2.0G    0  2.0G  0% /var/cache/yum
 +
vartmp              tmpfs    2.0G    0  2.0G  0% /var/tmp
 +
/dev/sdb1          vfat      3.8G  4.0K  3.8G  1% /run/media/liveuser/SanDisk
 +
</pre>}}</ul></ul></ul>
 +
<ol start="8">
 +
<li> Unmount the USB device filesystem with this command: {{Code|umount /run/media/liveuser/'''MyUSBdiscMountPoint'''}}, where {{Code|'''MyUSBdiscMountPoint'''}} is {{Code|SanDisk}} in the dropdown example, above.</li>
 +
<li> Execute this command line: &nbsp;(Substitute the {{Code|/dev/sd'''?'''1}}, below, with the node name you determined in step 7, above.)<br><div style="padding: 1em; border: 1px dashed #2F6FAB; background-color: #FBFBFB; margin: 1em 0px 1em 0em; font-family: monospace,Consolas; overflow: auto;">./livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb '''500''' --home-size-mb '''800''' --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd'''?'''1</div>
 +
</li>
 +
(The '''500''' and '''800''' size values, above, are suitable for a 2 GB USB device. For a 4 GB device, one might use '''1000''' and '''1600''' megabytes instead.)
 +
{{Show|The installation transcript should look like the following:
 +
|<pre>
 +
[root@localhost LiveOS]# livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sdb1
 +
Verifying image...
 +
/dev/sr0:  b0a9414ff7eb79b680d5c86440e19587
 +
Fragment sums: 9bfe23577651c88dcfb78c76ac3a28a5c53eead4561e3bdc5921b8b2e748
 +
Fragment count: 20
 +
Press [Esc] to abort check.
 +
Checking: 100.0%
 +
 
 +
The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.
  
== Windows Instructions ==
+
It is OK to use this media.
 +
Copying live image to target device.
 +
squashfs.img
 +
    630,784,000 100%    1.96MB/s    0:05:06 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
 +
osmin.img
 +
          8,192 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
 +
Updating boot config file
 +
Initializing persistent overlay file
 +
500+0 records in
 +
500+0 records out
 +
524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 216.717 s, 2.4 MB/s
 +
Initializing persistent /home
 +
800+0 records in
 +
800+0 records out
 +
838860800 bytes (839 MB) copied, 344.643 s, 2.4 MB/s
 +
Formatting unencrypted /home
 +
mke2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
 +
Filesystem label=
 +
OS type: Linux
 +
Block size=4096 (log=2)
 +
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
 +
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
 +
51296 inodes, 204800 blocks
 +
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
 +
First data block=0
 +
Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200
 +
7 block groups
 +
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
 +
7328 inodes per group
 +
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
 +
32768, 98304, 163840
  
The recommended process for creating a SoaS stick in Windows is to use the [http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ Fedora LiveUSB Creator], a cross-platform tool for easily installing live operating systems on to USB flash drives.
+
Allocating group tables: done                           
 +
Writing inode tables: done                           
 +
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
 +
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
  
# Download and then extract the [https://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ Windows executable] for Fedora LiveUSB Creator. This creates a folder named liveusb-creator-''version''.
+
tune2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
# Insert your stick into a USB port.
+
Setting maximal mount count to -1
# Format your USB stick using FAT format and name it FEDORA
+
Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
# Navigate to the LiveUSB folder you extracted and double-click on the <tt>liveusb-creator.exe</tt> file to open the program.
+
Installing boot loader
# Select 'Sugar on a Stick (beta)' from the drop down of releases.
+
Target device is now set up with a Live image!
#:'''Note:''' You can  browse to find a previously-downloaded iso by clicking the 'Browse' button.
+
</pre>}}
#::'''Caution:''' The previously-downloaded iso image file is not verified for completeness ([http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ticket/613 ticket:613]), so at least check that the file size is as reported at the download page, such as http://download.sugarlabs.org/soas/releases/.
+
<li> Shutdown the physical machine.</li>
# Set the Target Device to your USB device.
+
<li> [[Sugar on a Stick/Boot|Reboot your computer]] from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.</li>
# Move the slider to set some persistent storage. (''Hint:'' Set it high, then it will tell you how much space there is, and you can adjust it to the right point. How much persistent storage space you set will depend on the size of the .iso and the size of your USB.  Make sure you leave some so that people can use the Journal.)
+
</ol>
#:'''Note:''' persistent storage will save Journal items between reboots&mdash;but not after a Sugar system update with the LiveUSB Creator (in its current version).  Watch this page for instructions on making your Journal persist between system updates.
 
# Click "Create Live USB". It will take a few minutes.
 
# When finished, '''be sure''' to properly eject the USB device using the Safely Remove Hardware icon in the system tray. Failure to do this can render your stick unbootable.
 
  
== What's next? ==
 
  
Please return to the [[Sugar_on_a_Stick#Step_3:_Boot|Sugar on a Stick]] page for instructions how to boot from your USB key!
+
* '''2. Use Fedora Live USB Creator'''
 +
*: (This installation method is NOT recommended for LONG-TERM usage of Sugar on a Stick!!  Catastrophic data corruption may occur when the USB stick gets full!  [[fedora:LiveOS_image#Home_filesystem|See why.]])
 +
*# Download the Live USB Creator from [http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ Fedora].
 +
*# Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card<sup> [[#Notes|Notes]]</sup>) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
 +
*# Launch Live USB Creator.
 +
*# Select Either
 +
*# 1) the 'Browse' button to 'Use existing Live CD' and find the downloaded .iso file image on your system.
 +
*# 2) Download Fedora and select  Fedora-SoaS-{i386|x86_64}-{22|23}  (This automates the download and checksum routine and directly  burns to the USB/ SDCard
 +
*# Adjust the Persistent Storage slider. This enables you to save changes to the system and additional Sugar Activities onto the device. (aka persistence file or Overlay --this space  by default is write once  only)  --see below for  additional way to make /home a  rw overlay
 +
*# Select your flash drive as the target, and click the '''Create Live USB''' button.
 +
*# With the latest version of Fedora LiveUSB Creator you have TWO (2) option for burning method
 +
*# 1) CP (non destructive) -- meaning you can still use the unused space on a larger (8-16-32-64Gb) usb for whatever post burn.
 +
*# 2) DD ( the old school way) Note:  THIS WILL destroy any previous data make sure you properly  select the drive to use AND make backups of any pre-existing important data (you will not be easily able to retrieve overwritten data)
 +
*# Wait for the process to finish, then close the Live USB Creator program.
 +
*# Stop your flash drive with the '''Safely Remove Hardware and Eject Media''' notification area icon dialog, and eject it.
 +
::: See a [[Tutorials/Installation/Create_a_SoaS_v7_Live_USB_in_Windows|screenshot tutorial]] for this.
 +
::: See a [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ieIj4aECk88 video] of an earlier version of this process.
  
== See Also ==
 
[[#UNetbootin instructions|Unetbootin]] for an alternate method for Windows users.
 
  
[[Category:HowTo]]
+
* '''3. Launch a virtual machine with the Sugar on a Stick .iso file, then run the script, ''livecd-iso-to-disk'''''
 +
*# Download and install [[VirtualBox]] (for example; you could do something similar with another vm).
 +
*# Create a new virtual machine.
 +
*# Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (64 bit) if available, or Fedora, on systems lacking 64-bit functionality.
 +
*# Attach the Sugar on a Stick .iso file as a CD in the Storage Section
 +
*# Insert a USB storage device into your physical computer and enable the VirtualBox USB controller.  Then add a filter to recognize the inserted device in the USB section of the VirtualBox machine setup.
 +
*# Start the new virtual machine.
 +
*# Verify that the USB device is recognized in the running virtual machine.
 +
*#* Your device appears in the hover box for the USB stick icon in the virtual machine bottom frame.
 +
*#* {{Code|df -Th}} shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sda1, mounted on a directory [[wikipedia:Mount (computing)|mount point]], such as /run/media/<AccountName>/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
 +
<ul><ul><ul>
 +
{{Show|You should see something like the following:
 +
|<pre>
 +
[root@localhost LiveOS]# df -Th
 +
Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 +
rootfs              rootfs    4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
 +
devtmpfs            devtmpfs  1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /dev
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    1.6G  84K  1.6G  1% /dev/shm
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    1.6G  1.2M  1.6G  1% /run
 +
/dev/sr0            iso9660  509M  509M    0 100% /run/initramfs/live
 +
/dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 +
tmpfs              tmpfs    1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /media
 +
varcacheyum        tmpfs    1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /var/cache/yum
 +
tmp                tmpfs    1.6G  40K  1.6G  1% /tmp
 +
vartmp              tmpfs    1.6G    0  1.6G  0% /var/tmp
 +
/dev/sda1          vfat      3.7G  2.1G  1.7G  56% /run/media/liveuser/TOSHIBA
 +
</pre>}}</ul></ul>
 +
<ol start="9">
 +
<li> Continue from step #4 in the '''Burn a CD-ROM disc''' section above.</li>
 +
<li> Shutdown the virtual machine.</li>
 +
<li> Reboot your physical computer from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.</li>
 +
</ol>
 +
</ul>
 +
 
 +
===Notes===
 +
A Secure Digital (SD) card may not be marked as a bootable device. To check this, use these instructions at a Linux terminal or console:
 +
{{:Sugar on a Stick/Linux/bootable device}}

Latest revision as of 17:57, 30 April 2019


Introduction

This page is designed to help you to put your Sugar on a Stick image on a thumbdrive using Microsoft Windows. If you have questions, trouble or feedback, please let us know on the Sugar on a Stick talk page. If you can improve these instructions, please edit the page and do so!

with Microsoft Windows

Windows.gif There are three ways to do this:

  • 1. Burn a CD-ROM disc, boot from it, then run the script, livecd-iso-to-disk
    1. Use Windows 7 built-in Disk Image Burner or a free utility, like ImgBurn, to write the downloaded Sugar on a Stick .iso file onto a blank CD.
    2. Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card Notes) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
    3. Boot your computer with the CD-ROM disc. You probably need to press F1, F10, F12, Esc, or a similar key as the computer starts up in order to set the boot source for your computer to the CD-ROM device.
    4. A successful boot will take you into Sugar on a Stick. You can From there, open the Terminal Activity, Activity-terminal.png, from the Home list View.
    5. Switch to run commands with 'root' user permissions by entering su - on the command line.
    6. Change the working directory, by entering cd /run/initramfs/live/LiveOS
    7. Verify the USB/SD scsi drive node name (such as sda, sdb, etc.) and partition (such as 1, 2, etc.) for your USB/SD device. It would look like, for example, /dev/sdb1.
      • The df -Th command shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sdb1, mounted on a directory mount point, such as /run/media/liveuser/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
          You should see something like the following:
          [root@localhost ~]# df -Th
          Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
          /dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      2.9G  2.1G  773M  74% /
          devtmpfs            devtmpfs  2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /dev
          tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G   72K  2.0G   1% /dev/shm
          tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G  632K  2.0G   1% /run
          tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
          /dev/sr0            iso9660   670M  670M     0 100% /run/initramfs/live
          tmpfs               tmpfs     2.0G   32K  2.0G   1% /tmp
          varcacheyum         tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /var/cache/yum
          vartmp              tmpfs     2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /var/tmp
          /dev/sdb1           vfat      3.8G  4.0K  3.8G   1% /run/media/liveuser/SanDisk
          
    1. Unmount the USB device filesystem with this command: umount /run/media/liveuser/MyUSBdiscMountPoint, where MyUSBdiscMountPoint is SanDisk in the dropdown example, above.
    2. Execute this command line:  (Substitute the /dev/sd?1, below, with the node name you determined in step 7, above.)
      ./livecd-iso-to-disk --reset-mbr --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --delete-home --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sd?1
    3. (The 500 and 800 size values, above, are suitable for a 2 GB USB device. For a 4 GB device, one might use 1000 and 1600 megabytes instead.)
      The installation transcript should look like the following:
      [root@localhost LiveOS]# livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 500 --home-size-mb 800 --unencrypted-home /run/initramfs/livedev /dev/sdb1
      Verifying image...
      /dev/sr0:   b0a9414ff7eb79b680d5c86440e19587
      Fragment sums: 9bfe23577651c88dcfb78c76ac3a28a5c53eead4561e3bdc5921b8b2e748
      Fragment count: 20
      Press [Esc] to abort check.
      Checking: 100.0%
      
      The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.
      
      It is OK to use this media.
      Copying live image to target device.
      squashfs.img
          630,784,000 100%    1.96MB/s    0:05:06 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
      osmin.img
                8,192 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1)
      Updating boot config file
      Initializing persistent overlay file
      500+0 records in
      500+0 records out
      524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 216.717 s, 2.4 MB/s
      Initializing persistent /home
      800+0 records in
      800+0 records out
      838860800 bytes (839 MB) copied, 344.643 s, 2.4 MB/s
      Formatting unencrypted /home
      mke2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
      Filesystem label=
      OS type: Linux
      Block size=4096 (log=2)
      Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
      Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
      51296 inodes, 204800 blocks
      10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
      First data block=0
      Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200
      7 block groups
      32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
      7328 inodes per group
      Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
      	32768, 98304, 163840
      
      Allocating group tables: done                            
      Writing inode tables: done                            
      Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
      Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
      
      tune2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013)
      Setting maximal mount count to -1
      Setting interval between checks to 0 seconds
      Installing boot loader
      Target device is now set up with a Live image!
      
    4. Shutdown the physical machine.
    5. Reboot your computer from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.


    • 2. Use Fedora Live USB Creator
      (This installation method is NOT recommended for LONG-TERM usage of Sugar on a Stick!! Catastrophic data corruption may occur when the USB stick gets full! See why.)
      1. Download the Live USB Creator from Fedora.
      2. Insert a USB flash drive (or SD Card Notes) with 2 GB or more of free space into your computer.
      3. Launch Live USB Creator.
      4. Select Either
      5. 1) the 'Browse' button to 'Use existing Live CD' and find the downloaded .iso file image on your system.
      6. 2) Download Fedora and select Fedora-SoaS-{i386|x86_64}-{22|23} (This automates the download and checksum routine and directly burns to the USB/ SDCard
      7. Adjust the Persistent Storage slider. This enables you to save changes to the system and additional Sugar Activities onto the device. (aka persistence file or Overlay --this space by default is write once only) --see below for additional way to make /home a rw overlay
      8. Select your flash drive as the target, and click the Create Live USB button.
      9. With the latest version of Fedora LiveUSB Creator you have TWO (2) option for burning method
      10. 1) CP (non destructive) -- meaning you can still use the unused space on a larger (8-16-32-64Gb) usb for whatever post burn.
      11. 2) DD ( the old school way) Note: THIS WILL destroy any previous data make sure you properly select the drive to use AND make backups of any pre-existing important data (you will not be easily able to retrieve overwritten data)
      12. Wait for the process to finish, then close the Live USB Creator program.
      13. Stop your flash drive with the Safely Remove Hardware and Eject Media notification area icon dialog, and eject it.
    See a screenshot tutorial for this.
    See a video of an earlier version of this process.


    • 3. Launch a virtual machine with the Sugar on a Stick .iso file, then run the script, livecd-iso-to-disk
      1. Download and install VirtualBox (for example; you could do something similar with another vm).
      2. Create a new virtual machine.
      3. Choose Linux for the Operating System and Version Fedora (64 bit) if available, or Fedora, on systems lacking 64-bit functionality.
      4. Attach the Sugar on a Stick .iso file as a CD in the Storage Section
      5. Insert a USB storage device into your physical computer and enable the VirtualBox USB controller. Then add a filter to recognize the inserted device in the USB section of the VirtualBox machine setup.
      6. Start the new virtual machine.
      7. Verify that the USB device is recognized in the running virtual machine.
        • Your device appears in the hover box for the USB stick icon in the virtual machine bottom frame.
        • df -Th shows your device filesystem on a device node, for example, /dev/sda1, mounted on a directory mount point, such as /run/media/<AccountName>/<USBdeviceManufacturer>
          You should see something like the following:
          [root@localhost LiveOS]# df -Th
          Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
          rootfs              rootfs    4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
          devtmpfs            devtmpfs  1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /dev
          tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G   84K  1.6G   1% /dev/shm
          tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G  1.2M  1.6G   1% /run
          /dev/sr0            iso9660   509M  509M     0 100% /run/initramfs/live
          /dev/mapper/live-rw ext4      4.0G  2.5G  1.5G  63% /
          tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
          tmpfs               tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /media
          varcacheyum         tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /var/cache/yum
          tmp                 tmpfs     1.6G   40K  1.6G   1% /tmp
          vartmp              tmpfs     1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /var/tmp
          /dev/sda1           vfat      3.7G  2.1G  1.7G  56% /run/media/liveuser/TOSHIBA
          
      1. Continue from step #4 in the Burn a CD-ROM disc section above.
      2. Shutdown the virtual machine.
      3. Reboot your physical computer from the newly-installed Live USB with Sugar on a Stick.

    Notes

    A Secure Digital (SD) card may not be marked as a bootable device. To check this, use these instructions at a Linux terminal or console:

    • Check the disk partition table for a device, such as /dev/sdc,
    sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc   <----that's a lowercase letter 'L' for the list option.
      You should see something like the following:
      $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdc
      
      Disk /dev/sdc: 4012 MB, 4012900352 bytes
      124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 7837696 sectors
      Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
      Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
      I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
      Disk identifier: 0x0000a9c7
      
         Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
      /dev/sdc1   *          62     7834071     3917005    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
      

      The asterisk, * , under the Boot column indicates that the partition is bootable.

          If it is missing, then execute the commands here:
      1. parted /dev/sdc
      2. toggle 1 boot
      3. quit