Activities/Turtle Art/Toolbars

Toolbars

Main Toolbar

From left to right: Activity toolbar; Edit toolbar; View toolbar; show/hide palette; erase canvas; run project fast; run project slow; stop project; Help toolbar; stop activity

Keyboard short cuts for the above: Alt+ palette; blocks; run; walk; stop; erase; e.g., Alt+e will erase the screen. Esc will return from full-screen mode.

Notes: The run buttons are tied to the Start Block. If no Start Block is used, then all blocks are run when either run button is clicked. The "rabbit" button runs the blocks at maximum speed. The "turtle" button pauses and displays the turtle between each step. The "bug" button pauses between each step and shows status information.

On older versions of Sugar (e.g., 0.84), the main toolbar will look like this:

Project Toolbar

From left to right:

• Project title;
• Share button;
• Keep button;

Edit Toolbar

The Edit toolbar is used to copy stacks of blocks to the clipboard and to paste stacks from the clipboard. To copy a stack, place the cursor on any block in the stack and then type Ctrl-c. To paste a stack from the clipboard, type Ctrl-v.

From left to right:

• Copy
• Paste

Import/Export Toolbar

• Save copy to Journal button;
• save to HTML;
• Save to Logo;
• Save as an image;
• Import Turtle Art project;
• Import Python code;
• Import sample project

View Toolbar

From left to right:

• Full-screen button;
• Cartesian-coordinate grid;
• polar-coordinate grid;
• not shown: centimeter-coordinate grid (XO-only);
• display of x,y coordinates of turtle;
• Rescale-coordinates button;
• Grow block size;
• Shrink block size

Help Toolbar

• display help strings

Palettes Toolbar

The palette menus are revealed by clicking on the Block icon on the main toolbar. (On older Sugar systems, select the Projects toolbar. When running Turtle Art from GNOME, the palettes are visible by default.)

As of Version 106 of Turtle Art, there are ten palettes of program elements available for program construction: Turtle movements; Pen attributes; Color attributes; Numeric operators; Logical operators; Logical blocks; Media blocks, Sensor blocks; Customization functions; and Presentation blocks. An eleventh palette is used for restoring blocks from the trash.

Blocks are dragged from the palette onto the canvas surface. To dispose of a block, drag it back onto the palette. (It will be placed onto the trash palette.)

The palettes can be displayed horizontally or vertically (See below). Orientation is adjusted by clicking on the and buttons on the upper-left corner of the palette. The palette can be hidden by clicking on the button on the lower-right corner of the palette. The next palette in the menu can be accessed by clicking on the button on the upper-right corner of the palette.

The button is used to hide/reveal the program blocks. Individual palettes can be hidden by clicking on their highlighted tab.

Turtle Palette

These blocks are used to control the movements of the turtle.

• forward: move turtle forward
• back: move turtle backward
• clean: clear the screen and position the turtle in the center of the screen, pen down, color red, heading 0
• left: rotate turtle counterclockwise
• right: rotate turtle clockwise
• arc: move turtle along an arc
• set xy: set turtle x,y position (0,0) is the center of the screen
• seth: set turtle heading
• xcor: holds current x-coordinate value of the turtle (can be used in place of a number block)
• ycor: holds current y-coordinate value of the turtle (can be used in place of a number block)
• heading: holds current heading value of the turtle (can be used in place of a number block)

Pen Palette

These blocks are used to control the attributes of the turtle's pen.

• pen up: turtle will not draw when moved
• pen down: turtle will draw when moved
• set pen size: sets the width of the line drawn by the turtle
• fill screen: fill the screen with a color/shade and reposition the turtle in the center of the screen
• pen size: width of the line drawn by the turtle (can be used in place of a number block)
• start fill: starts a filled polygon (straight sides, not arcs)
• end fill: ends a fill polygon (straight sides, not arcs)

Color Palette

These blocks can be used with the set-pen-color block in place of a number block.

• set color: sets the pen color
• set shade: sets the pen shade
• set gray: sets the gray-level of the pen (Only available in Turtle Blocks)
• color: current pen color (can be used in place of a number block)
• shade: current pen shade (can be used in place of a number block)
• gray: current pen gray level (can be used in place of a number block) (Only available in Turtle Blocks)

Numbers Palette

These blocks are arithmetic and boolean operators.

• addition: adds two numeric inputs (also can be used to concatenate strings)
• subtraction: subtracts the bottom numeric input from the top input
• multiplication: multiplies two numeric inputs
• division: divided top input (numerator) by bottom input (denominator)
• identity: identity function (used for spacing blocks)
• modulo (remainder): calculates remainder when dividing top input by the bottom input
• square root (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• random number: generates a random integer between the minimum and maximum values
• number block: a numeric input
• greater than: boolean greater than operator (used with flow blocks)
• less than: boolean less than operator (used with flow blocks)
• equal to: boolean equal to operator (used with flow blocks)
• not: boolean not (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• and: boolean and (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• or: boolean or (Only available with Turtle Blocks)

Flow Palette

These blocks control program flow.

• wait: pause program execution (unit is seconds)
• forever: continuously repeat execute stack under the right flow
• repeat: repeat the execution of stack under the right flow a specified number of times
• if/then: conditional execution of the stack under the right flow (uses boolean operators found on the Number palette)
• if/then/else: conditional execution of the stack under the center and right flows (uses boolean operators found on the Number palette) (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• while: execute stack under right flow while the condition is true (uses boolean operators found on the Number palette) (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• until: execute stack under right flow until the condition is true (uses boolean operators found on the Number palette) (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• horizontal spacer (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• vertical spacer
• stop stack: interrupt execution

Blocks Palette

These blocks are for defining variables and subroutines.

• start: connects action to toolbar 'Run' button
• store in box 1: store a number, string, or media object in box 1 (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• store in box 2: store a number, string, or media object in box 2 (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• text: string input
• box 1: current value of box 1 (can be used in place of a number block) (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• box 2: current value of box 2 (can be used in place of a number block) (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• box: current value of named box (can be used in place of a number block)
• store in: store a number, string, or media object in a named box
• action: top of named action stack
• action 1: top of action 1 stack (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• action 2: top of action 2 stack (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• action: execute named action stack
• action 2: execute action 2 stack (Only available with Turtle Blocks)
• action 1: execute action 1 stack (Only available with Turtle Blocks)

Media Palette

These are a collection of blocks used for displaying media objects, such as images from the Journal.

• journal: Sugar Journal media object (used with show block) (also available in Turtle Art)
• audio: Sugar Journal media object (used with show block)
• video: Sugar Journal media object (used with show block)
• description: Sugar Journal description field (used with show block)
• text: text string (used with show block; also used with box and action blocks)
• show: draw text or display media object from the Journal
• set scale: sets the scale of images displayed with show block
• save picture: save the canvas to the Sugar Journal as a .png image (note: saves the canvas as displayed)
• save SVG: save turtle graphics to the Sugar Journal as a .svg image (note: only saves the changes to the canvas in the current execution run)
• scale: sets scale for show block (100% is full-screen)
• wait for media: used to pause program while audio or video file plays

Sensors Palette

• query keyboard: check for keyboard input (results are stored in the keyboard block)
• keyboard: current value of keyboard input (can be used in place of a number block)
• read pixel: push the RGB value of the pixel under the turtle onto the FILO (blue is first, red is last)
• turtle sees: the "palette color" of the pixel under the turtle
• time: number of seconds since program began
• sound: raw data from microphone ranging -32000 to 32000
• volume (loudness): ranging 0 to 32000
• pitch: the resolution is +-8Hz
• brightness: average luminance seen through camera
• camera: grab image from camera

The OLPC XO can measure external inputs with its microphone jack:

• resistance: measurement range is 750 to 14k ohms, (OLPC XO1) and 2k ohms to open circuit (OLPC XO1.5)
• voltage: measurement range is DC 0.4V to 1.85V. (OLPC XO1) and 0.17V to 3.0V (OLPC XO1.5)

See Activities/TurtleArt/Using Turtle Art Sensors for more details about the sensor blocks.

(Activities/TurtleArt/Uso_de_TortugaArte_Sensores español)

Extras Palette

These are a collection of extra blocks for accessing advanced features only available in Turtle Blocks.

• push: push value onto FILO (first-in last-out) heap
• show heap: show FILO in status block
• empty heap: empty the FILO
• pop: pop value off of the FILO (can be used in place of a number block)
• print: print value in status block (also available in Turtle Art)
• comment: program comment (displayed in "walk" mode)
• Python: a programmable block (can be used in place of a number block)

add your own math equation in the block, e.g., sin(x); This block is expandable to support up to three variables, e.g. f(x,y,z)

• Import Python: import Python code from the Sugar Journal (a more general-purpose programmable block). This block accepts a single variable x, as an input or up to 3 variables as an array x[0], x[1] and x[2]
• Cartesian: display Cartesian coordinate grid overlay
• polar: display polar coordinate grid overlay
• turtle: specify which turtle is active
• turtle shell: import a image from the Journal to use as the turtle's 'shell', i.e., replace the turtle with a sprite.
• top of stack: block to denote the top of a collapsible stack
• bottom of stack: block to denote the bottom of a collapsible stack

To use the collapsible-stack blocks, place them around the blocks you want to hide

Portfolio Palette

These blocks are used to make multimedia presentations only available in Turtle Blocks.

• hide blocks: hides all blocks and palettes (useful for decluttering the screen during presentations) (also available in Turtle Art)
• show blocks: shows blocks and palettes (useful for resuming programming after a presentation)
• full screen: goes into full-screen mode (hides Sugar toolbars)
• list slide: used for bulleted lists; This block is expandable, allowing you to add as many bullets as you need
• picture slides: used for picture slides (1×1, 2×2, 1×2, and 2×1)

Only available in Turtle Blocks:

• left: holds current x-coordinate value of the left edge of the screen (can be used in place of a number block)
• top: holds current y-coordinate value of the top edge of the screen (can be used in place of a number block)
• right: holds current x-coordinate value of the right edge of the screen (can be used in place of a number block)
• bottom: holds current y-coordinate value of the bottom edge of the screen (can be used in place of a number block)
• width: screen width (can be used in place of a number block)
• height: screen height (can be used in place of a number block)

Note: The slide blocks expand into stacks that can be edited for customized presentations.

Trash Palette

This palette holds any blocks that have been put in the trash. You can drag blocks out of the trash to restore them. The trash palette is emptied when you quit Turtle Art.

Vertical palettes

An example of a vertical palette. Vertical palettes are used by default on the OLPC XO laptops running older versions of Sugar.

Palettes en español

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•